Liberty University PSYC 354 Exam 1

Liberty University PSYC 354 Exam 1 · Question 1 2.5 out of 2.5 points Controlling for ________ variables permits researchers to make statements about cause-effect relationships between variables. Sele ...

Liberty University PSYC 354 Exam 1 · Question 1 2.5 out of 2.5 points Controlling for ________ variables permits researchers to make statements about cause-effect relationships between variables. Selected Answer: · Question 2 2.5 out of 2.5 points The ________ allows researchers to make predictions from a person’s value on one variable to a person’s value on another variable. Selected Answer: · Question 3 2.5 out of 2.5 points Scatterplots are often used to assess what type of pattern the data create. For example, when the data form a pattern that flows upward and toward the right, this is considered to be a(n): Selected Answer: · Question 4 2.5 out of 2.5 points Emily is a student at a large university. When visiting professors during their office hours, she has noticed that many have refrigerators in their offices. She decides to survey 80 faculty and count the number of refrigerators they have in total. What is the variable in this study? Selected Answer: · Question 5 2.5 out of 2.5 points Jonathon has taken the GRE three times. Every time he takes it he gets a 500 on the math section. This implies that: Selected Answer: · Question 6 2.5 out of 2.5 points Plotting the actual data on a scatterplot involves: Selected Answer: · Question 7 2.5 out of 2.5 points This figure was created from 1995 U.S. News & World Report data on 4-year colleges and universities in the United States. The independent variable in this study was: Selected Answer: · Question 8 0 out of 2.5 points In a between-groups research design, each participant experiences: Selected Answer: · Question 9 2.5 out of 2.5 points The United States Department of Homeland Security Threat Advisory System measures threat as severe, high, elevated, guarded, or low. In this system, threat is a ________ variable. Selected Answer: · Question 10 2.5 out of 2.5 points A grouped frequency table is most useful when the: Selected Answer: · Question 11 2.5 out of 2.5 points A descriptive statistic is generally defined as: Selected Answer: · Question 12 2.5 out of 2.5 points Which variables are always discrete? Selected Answer: · Question 13 2.5 out of 2.5 points Researchers often want to understand individual variables and the values observed. Rather than examining a long list of numbers, they might consider organizing and displaying the values using a: Selected Answer: · Question 14 0 out of 2.5 points An inferential statistic is generally defined as: Selected Answer: · Question 15 2.5 out of 2.5 points What is the difference between a bar graph and a Pareto chart? Selected Answer: · Question 16 2.5 out of 2.5 points A weight-management researcher was interested in whether the size of breakfast could deter overall food consumption throughout the rest of the day. He creates two breakfast groups, a 350-calorie breakfast and a 750-calorie breakfast, assigns six participants to each group and tracks their total calories eaten in one day. Because of the detailed attention needed to accurately interview participants about their eating, he works with the high-calorie group and has his assistant interview the low-calorie group. What is the dependent variable in this study? Selected Answer: · Question 17 2.5 out of 2.5 points In 2010 there was an interesting lawsuit about bagels. A company claimed to have created a new way to re-create “Brooklyn-style” bagels and then reported that another bagel producer stole its recipe. A researcher wonders if bagel sales might have been affected simply by the story making the national news, so she tracks total bagel sales in dollars for one year before and after the news story hits. What is the dependent variable in this study? Selected Answer: · Question 18 2.5 out of 2.5 points The difference between an interval and a ratio variable is that: Selected Answer: · Question 19 2.5 out of 2.5 points In correlational research: Selected Answer: · Question 20 2.5 out of 2.5 points The technical term for a distribution that is lopsided, off-center, or otherwise nonsymmetrical is _____. Selected Answer: · Question 21 2.5 out of 2.5 points Histograms are typically used to depict _____, whereas bar graphs are typically used to depict _____. Selected Answer: · Question 22 2.5 out of 2.5 points The measurement of the performance of runners in a race based on their finishing places would be a(n) ________ variable. The measurement of the performance of runners in a race based on their times to complete the race would be a(n) ________ variable. Selected Answer: · Question 23 0 out of 2.5 points Unnithan, Houser, and Fernhall (2006) were interested in whether playing the game Dance Dance Revolution (DDR) met the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations for exercise to improve cardiovascular health. Twenty-two adolescents, 10 of whom were classified as overweight and 12 of whom were not overweight, played DDR for 12 minutes. During the 12 minutes, the researchers measured each participant’s heart rate. On average, the researchers found no difference between the heart rates of the two groups. Both groups’ heart rates were above the minimum recommended for cardiovascular exercise. What is the sample in this study? Selected Answer: · Question 24 2.5 out of 2.5 points What research technique is crucial to drawing the conclusion that the independent variable caused the change in the dependent variable? Selected Answer: · Question 25 2.5 out of 2.5 points A frequency polygon is similar to a histogram EXCEPT that: Selected Answer: · Question 26 0 out of 2.5 points When you read your college textbooks, you may sometimes find errors in them. If you track the number of errors based on the edition of the textbook, you might find that first editions have more errors than third, fifth, and tenth editions. What type of variable is the number of errors found? Selected Answer: · Question 27 2.5 out of 2.5 points A researcher wants to assess well-being among dog and cat owners. She administers a well-being assessment to 125 dog owners and 163 cat owners. What type of research design is being used? Selected Answer: · Question 28 2.5 out of 2.5 points Möller and Krahé (2009) studied German teenagers over a period of 30 months, They found that the amount of video game playing engaged in when the study started was related to aggression 30 months later. Which of the following best summarizes these findings? Selected Answer: · Question 29 2.5 out of 2.5 points A person’s political affiliation is a(n) _____ variable. Selected Answer: · Question 30 2.5 out of 2.5 points A variable that meets the criteria for an interval or a ratio variable is called a: Selected Answer: · Question 31 2.5 out of 2.5 points When constructing a graph, you are better off making your own, intentional decisions about its appearance than relying on computer _________: Selected Answer: · Question 32 0 out of 2.5 points A researcher is interested in the effectiveness of natural remedies for allergies. The researcher randomly assigns to 30 allergy sufferers a treatment of herbal tea, homeopathic doses of the allergens, or a traditional antihistamine. What type of research design has the researcher employed? Selected Answer: · Question 33 2.5 out of 2.5 points When a test measures what it is intended to measure, the test is said to be: Selected Answer: · Question 34 2.5 out of 2.5 points On a histogram the y-axis depicts _____, but on a bar graph the y-axis depicts _____. Selected Answer: · Question 35 0 out of 2.5 points If you were to graph the frequencies of one scale variable, you would use a: Selected Answer: · Question 36 2.5 out of 2.5 points What type of lie is it when the method of assessment or measure has limited responses, thus creating an imbalance in responses possible? Selected Answer: · Question 37 2.5 out of 2.5 points This figure depicts the results of a study by Ahluwalia et al. (2006) investigating the effects of two types of gum (placebo or nicotine) and two types of counseling (educational or motivational) in helping people to stop smoking. What is the difference between the data depicted in Figure A and the data depicted in Figure B? Selected Answer: · Question 38 2.5 out of 2.5 points Emily is a student at a large university. When visiting professors during their office hours, she has noticed that many have refrigerators in their offices. She decides to survey 80 faculty and count the number of refrigerators they have in total. What type of observations is she making? Selected Answer: · Question 39 0 out of 2.5 points This histogram represents the distribution of the number of years of education completed by twins who attended the 16th Annual Twins Day Festival in Twinsburg, Ohio, in August of 1991. Figure: Years of Education What seems to be the shape of this distribution? Selected Answer: · Question 40 2.5 out of 2.5 points The measurement of the performance of runners in a race based on their finishing places is a(n) _____ variable. The measurement of the performance of runners in a race based on their times to complete the race is a(n) _____ variable. Selected Answer: