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PEDIATRIC NURSING FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

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ENDOCRINE [5 Questions]  Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus o “Insulin deficient” o Insulin levels will be LOW o Destruction of beta cells in the pancreas o Idiopathic o Clinical Manifestations: �... �� 3 P’s  Polydipsia  Polyuria  Polyphagia  Weight loss  Elevated glucose (200 mg/dL or more)  Ketones o Diagnostic Criteria  Fasting glucose >126  Random glucose >200 & symptomatic  Hgb A1C >6.5%  Normal is 4-6%  To prevent long term complications want it below 7% o Treatment  Insulin replacement  Rapid Acting (Humalog, Novolog, Apidra, Lispro) o Onset: 0-15 min o Peak: 30-90 min o Duration: 3-5 hours o Take with/right before meals!  Short Acting (Regular and Velosolin) o Onset: 30 min o Peak: 2-4 hours o Duration: 4-8 hours  Intermediate Acting (NPH and Lente) o Onset: 2-6 hours o Peak: 4-14 hours o Duration: 14-20 hours  Long Acting/basal (Lantus, Ultralente and Levemir) o No peak o Duration: 20-24 hours  Set dose regimen  Used for a kid who is expected to eat a set number of carbs at each meal and snack  NPH and Regular insulin is used  Before breakfast and dinner  Timing is crucial and strict schedule for meals and injection [Show More]

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