PATHO HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS

PATHO HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS Decorticate posturing is seen with ____________. ✔✔severe dysfunction of the cerebral cortex A cerebral infectious process causing posturing is generally a characteristic of ...

PATHO HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS Decorticate posturing is seen with ____________. ✔✔severe dysfunction of the cerebral cortex A cerebral infectious process causing posturing is generally a characteristic of ✔✔meningitis Decerebrate posturing is seen with ✔✔dysfunction of the midbrain The BEST antihypertensive agent for clients with asthma is ✔✔metoprolol (Lopressor). It is cardioselective and less likely to cause bronchoconstriction. A male client who has never smoked but has had COPD for the past 5 years is now being assessed for cancer of the lung. Which type of cancer is he most likely to develop? ✔✔Adenocarcinoma Adenocarcinoma is the only lung cancer NOT related to ________. ✔✔smoking Squamous-cell carcinoma is found commonly among patients with a history of ______. ✔✔SMOKING Cystocele characteristics include a) urinary urgency b)urinary pain c) stress incontinence d) a and c e) all of the above ✔✔d) a and c Bone density loss is associated with menopause, so what would be an important practice to teach a postmenopausal woman? ✔✔Consume adequate foods rich in calcium For an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, BOTH genes of a pair must be abnormal for the disorder to occur. ✔✔TRUE What is a sign of arterial insufficiency? ✔✔Pallor, intermittent claudication What is a sign of venous insufficiency? ✔✔Pedal edema, brown pigmentation What is a sign of a complication of diabetes mellitus, resulting in poor complication? ✔✔peripheral neuropathy and clod extremities What is the point of a pulmonary artery catheter in a patient with heart failure? ✔✔Pulmonary artery catheters measure central pressures for monitoring fluid replacement. In renal failure, normal serum electrolyte balance is altered because the kidneys fail to activate vitamin D, calcium absorption is impaired, and serum calcium decreases, which stimulates the release of PTH causing resorption of calcium and phosphate from the bone. This causes hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperkalemia. Lab values would include: ✔✔serum postassium of 5.5 mEq and total calcium of 6 mg/dL What is the underlying pathophysiologic process between free radicals and destruction of cell membrane? ✔✔Defective integral membrane proteins Increase in monocytes and macrophages would suggest the presence of ✔✔chronic inflammation Poor blood glucose control worsens ✔✔diabetic neuropathy Fine crackles are ✔✔short, high-pitched sounds heard just before the end of inspiration that are a result of rapid equalization of pressure Wheezing ✔✔a continuous high pitched musical caused by rapid vibration Pleural friction rub ✔✔cracking or grating sound Seroconversion of HIV can take up to _______ to show up. ✔✔6 to 12 weeks Factors influencing the onset of menopause include ✔✔Smoking Oophrectomy with hysterectomy Early menarche Genetic Influence Chemotherapy exposure As the prostate gland enlarges, its cells contribute more PSA in the circulating blood. ✔✔TRUE Symptoms of a febrile reaction include ✔✔sudden chills fever headache flushing muscle pain An allergic reaction is characterized by ✔✔flushing itching uticaria An anaphylactic reaction is characterized by ✔✔exaggerated allergic response that can lead to shock and possible cardiac arrest An acute hemolytic reaction is characterized by ✔✔fever chills *tachycardia *low back pain *tachypnea *dark urine A patient with CKD secondary to DM ✔✔type 1 DM and reinopathy and mild vision loss Cardiac cirrhosis would give which signs ✔✔peripheral edema Huntington's disease is an _______ _______ disease. ✔✔autosomal dominant Right sided brain damage will leave the patient with ✔✔decreased knowledge of their abilities SIADH occurs when the posterior pituitary releases too much ADH, causing water retention and a urine output of less than 20 ml/hr. This patient would exhibit ✔✔loss of thirst, weight gain Permanent sterility occurs in male patients who receive ______ treatments. ✔✔radiation Pneumothorax causes ✔✔a shift in the trachea from the midline Anticholinergics ✔✔decrease the risk of bradycardia during surgery Coarctation of the aorta should cause ✔✔lower blood pressure in the legs and feet than in the arms Hypertension is associated with oversecretion of ✔✔renin Hemophilia ✔✔manifests in sons of mothers who are carriers is an X-linked recessive disorder Hyperpnea ✔✔is an early sign of septic shock CANCER is the most common cause of ✔✔SIADH A reflex of spasmodic respiratory movements against the glottis causing the forceful expulsion of the contents of the stomach through the mouth ✔✔vomiting