N1012 Midterm Exam 1 - Questions and Answers

N1012 Midterm Exam 1 - Questions and Answers Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; the life sustaining transport vehicle of the cardiovascular system. Blood Includes transportation, ...

N1012 Midterm Exam 1 - Questions and Answers Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; the life sustaining transport vehicle of the cardiovascular system. Blood Includes transportation, regulation and protection Functions of the Blood The blood transports metabolic wastes from _______ to _______ A) Lungs to liver B) Liver to lungs C) Heart to Kidneys D) Kidneys to Heart E) Lungs to Kidneys What things does the blood transport regularly ? Select all that apply. A) Oxygen B) Carbon monoxide C) Nutrients D) Metabolic Wastes E) Hormones A, C, D, E How does the blood help with regulation in the body? A) Regulates body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat B) Regulates pH using buffers C) Regulates fluid volume in the circulatory system D) All of the above Which of the following would fall under the protection category of the functions of the blood? A) when blood vessels are damaged platelets and plasma proteins trigger clot formation to prevent blood loss B) Helps to prevent infection due to numerous antibodies, white blood cells, and complement proteins C) Transports metabolic wastes from the lungs to the kidney to be excreted from the body D) A and B only E) All of the above Non-living fluid matrix of the blood; makes up 55% of the whole blood Plasma Includes erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets Formed Elements of the Blood Make up 45% of the whole blood and is the most dense component; they are also known as hematocrit or red blood cells Erythrocytes Part of the Buffy coat which makes up less than 1% of the blood; they are also known as white blood cells Leukocytes Cell fragments; part of the buffy coat which makes up less than 1% of the blood; have a life span of 10 days Platelets You are a pediatric nurse taking blood from a 10-year-old child. You notice their blood is very dark red in color. What should you do? A) The child should be put on fluids as this is indicative of dehydration (erythrocytes are becoming more visible with less plasma) B) The child should be put on oxygen as this is indicative of low oxygen levels C) This is the normal color of blood for children under 12 D) This is the normal color of blood for any age group What is the average blood volume for an adult male patient? A) 5-6L B) 4-5L C) 6-7L D) 3-4L What is the average blood volume for an adult female patient? A) 5-6L B) 4-5L C) 6-7L D) 3-4L You are taking blood from one of your patients and you notice that their blood is a bright scarlet red color. What does this mean? A) They are have high hemoglobin levels B) They are over hydrated C) They have high oxygen levels D) This is the normal color of blood TRUE OR FALSE: The blood makes up ~8% of your body weight True What is the normal pH of the blood? A) 7.35-7.45 (slightly alkaline) B) 9.45-9.55 (more basic) C) 5.66-5.76 (more acidic) D) The blood should be neutral (pH 7) New red blood cells are produces at a rate if ___________________ per second A) 1 million B) 2 million C) 3 million D) 4 million Production of red blood cells Erythropoesis Why is it necessary for red blood cell count to be tightly controlled? A) To o percent tissue hypoxia and viscous blood B) To prevent hypothermia C) To prevent hemorrhagic shock D) None of the above What organ secretes erythropoietin (EPO) A) Bone marrow B) Pituitary Gland C) Pancreas D) Kidney An inadequate amount out oxygen (O2) in the blood Hypoxia What are the causes of hypoxia? (Select all that apply) A) Decreased red blood cell levels B) Decreased white blood cell levels C) Decreased level of hemoglobin in the blood D) Increased level of sodium in the blood E) Decreased availability of oxygen