1-The nurse administers IV vancomycin to a client with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus infection. Which nursing actions are most appropriate? Select all that apply.
1. Assess client for lethargy and dec
...
1-The nurse administers IV vancomycin to a client with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus infection. Which nursing actions are most appropriate? Select all that apply.
1. Assess client for lethargy and decreased deep tendon reflexes
2. Assess skin for flushing and red rash on face and torso
3. Infuse medication over at least 60 minutes
4. Monitor blood pressure during infusion
5. Observe IV site every 30 minutes for pain, redness, and swelling
Explanation:
When administering IV vancomycin, the nurse should assess for and work to prevent possible
complications by performing the following:
Draw the prescribed trough level prior to administration. Therapeutic vancomycin levels
range from 10-20 mg/L (6.9-13.8 μmol/L) for hemodynamically stable clients. Adverse
effects of vancomycin toxicity include nephrotoxicity (eg, elevated creatinine levels) and
ototoxicity (eg, hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus).
Infuse medication over at least 60 minutes (≤10 mg/min). Faster rates increase the
likelihood of complications (Option 3).
Monitor blood pressure during the infusion. Hypotension is a possible adverse
effect (Option 4)
Assess for hypersensitivity. Red man syndrome is a nonallergic histamine reaction
characterized by sudden onset of severe hypotension, flushing, and/or maculopapular rash
of the face, neck, chest, and upper extremities (Option 2).
Monitor for anaphylaxis (eg, rash, pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing).
Observe IV site every 30 minutes for pain, redness, or swelling. Vancomycin is a vesicant
and may cause thrombophlebitis or, if extravasation occurs, tissue necrosis. Administration
using a central venous catheter is preferred; however, a peripheral IV may be used for
short-term therapy (Option 5).
(Option 1) Assessment of deep tendon reflexes is appropriate with magnesium sulfate
administration. Manifestations of hypermagnesemia include lethargy, nausea, vomiting, and
decreased deep tendon reflexes.
Educational objective:
Nursing care of clients receiving IV vancomycin includes drawing prescribed trough levels before drug
administration, infusing the drug over at least 60 minutes, monitoring the client during administration
(eg, blood pressure, respiratory status, signs of hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis), and assessing the IV
site during and after administration.
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