SOCS 325 – Environmental Sociology Midterm - 100% Correct Answers

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SOCS 325 – Environmental Sociology Midterm 1. (TCO 1) Ecological dialogue can best be summarized as: a. what we believe about the environment depends on... what we see & feel. b. what we see & feel about the environment depends on what we believe. c. Both A & B are correct. d. Neither A nor B is correct. 2. (TCO 2) Which of the following is the major cause of species extinction? a. Habitat Loss b. Pollution c. Genetic Engineering d. Interrupted reproduction 3. (TCO 3) What environmental problem did the Montreal Protocol seek to address? a. A reduction of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) production & use implicated in the thinning of the ozone layer b. A moratorium on the use of high sulfur coal implicated in acid rain c. The need for the United States to establish an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) d. Due process procedures for litigants in environment justice lawsuits 4. (TCO 4) According to the economist Fred Hirsch, a "positional good" is a good or commodity: a. That places you in a high status position relative to those who don't possess it. b. That is desirable because of short supply or limited access. c. That is desirable because it has a high price tag. d. All of the above 5. (TCO 5) Of the many techniques advertisers use to persuade customers to purchase goods, which is the most effective? a. Appeal to sentiments--accentuating affection, love, belongingness, community, patriotism, & other values that may be conferred upon the consumer by acquisition of the product b. Price advertising--appealing to the financial concerns of consumers c. "You" or status advertising--suggesting the product is offered out of concern for you & will provide heightened prestige to those who acquire it (the product) d. Green advertising--appealing to the environmental concerns of consumers 6. (TCO 6) According to your text, what percent of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions come from automobiles? a. 10% b. 20% c. 27% d. 52% 7. (TCO 7) According to Malthus, population grows: a. Incrementally, in fits & starts. b. At a steady, measured pace. c. Arithmetically d. Exponentially 8. (TCO 7) Which of the following does Sen claim will NOT insure food availability? a. Dependable food imports b. Land reform c. Steady employment d. Democracy 9. (TCO 3) Smog is responsible for which of the following? a. An estimated 50,000-180,000 premature deaths in the U.S. annually b. A global reduction in agricultural productivity c. Extensive damage to forests d. All of the above 10. (TCO 5) What is the average number of traffic deaths each year in the U.S.? a. Under 4,000 b. About 10,000 c. About 40,000 d. Well over 100,000 11. (TCO 1) The author of our course textbook states that "the principle scholarly contribution of the book is the concept of ecological dialogue." Briefly explain what is meant by ecological dialogue, & give an example or illustration. Pick a major environmental problem & describe how you would solve it using ecological dialogue. a. Ecological dialogue is best defined as an interplay of factors that condition & influence each other, a never-ending conversation between the material & ideal dimensions of social life. This is best reflected in the attached photo from the book. One of the major environmental problems that I can think of to use ecological dialogue would be waste disposal. I know that they are many ways that we as a population dispose of waste. Most of the time it goes into a landfill & disposed of there, others recycle as much of their waste as possible like composting, & some people burn their waste. What most people don’t understand is that we generate more waste than can properly disposed of. There are landfills that fill over 2,200 acres of land in the US alone. These landfills create methane gas from the buildup & slow decay of all the trash. I do know that most landfills have created a power generating plant that converts the methane gas into electricity, which is then used to help power homes. However, the more land that we use to create landfills is only destroying the natural habitat of plants & animals. If more & more people learn to recycle & reduce the amount of trash that they produce a day, then we won’t be putting as much trash into these landfills & they won’t have to take up such large parts of the environment. 12. (TCO 2) Describe the environmental impact of industry & how it influences human health. Provide a few examples of these impacts. Also, describe in detail how some of these environmental risks & disasters impact human health by causing illness & even death. a. Industry has a major impact on the environment. They create air pollution, wastewater, land pollution, solid waste, hazardous materials, noise, & marine & coastal pollution. While not all businesses create these impacts on the environment, all of them contribute at least one or two of them. All of these impacts affect the people that live near them. They cause health issues for those that are near a business that creates air pollution, wastewater, & hazardous materials. The environment that they are living in is constantly getting worse due to these impacts. Most of the time the people who are affected have a low income & can’t afford proper medical treatment. They can develop cancer & other medical diseases that have major impacts on how they live & how their family is affected. Some of these impacts lead to death if the people who are exposed can’t get proper treatment or if they can’t move away to a better environment, where there is no impact from these businesses. When the business is confronted with the impacts from the people who live near them, they just brush it off & say that they already had those conditions prior to the business moving there. 13. (TCO 4) Describe how consumption & materialism impact the physical environment? Give a few examples. Can our society continue to practice materialism & at the same time still become more sustainable? What are some things we overconsume? a. Consumption & materialism impact the physical environment by creating waste from the things that we consume & or over produce. We consume electronics at an alarming speed. We always want the newest & greatest phone that is out there. What most people fail to realize is that when we buy the newest phone & discard the old phone, all we are doing is trying to reach a level of happiness that will never be attained. The old phones we discard don’t get recycled unless you recycle them & when the phone company builds the newer phone all they are doing is creating more & more pollution from all of the machines it takes to actually build the phone. I believe that we can become more sustainable in the future, but as of right now it will never happen. There are too many big companies that are profiting from the overconsumption of their products from materialism, that they won’t stop creating newer versions. Everyone wants to be on top even if you aren’t in the higher percent of the money bracket. I certainly don’t make a lot of money in the military & I rarely buy the newest electronic gadget that just came out. I have some coworkers who immediately buy them before they are even on the shelves at the store. When I asked one of them why they were buying it, they couldn’t give me good reason. They just said that they had to have it. I asked if they would actually use the item more than once & most of the time the answer I got was no. Some common things that we overconsume are: energy, clothing, electronics, gasoline, metals, & plastic. 14. (TCO 6) Describe green technology's impact on the global economy & environment. How is green technology being used worldwide in our society? Compare & contrast the pros & cons of green technology. a. Green technology impacts the global economy & the environment by helping reduce the amount of pollutions, waste, & habitat loss that businesses use. Green technology is moving forward with using environmentally safe materials to use for buildings & for chemical products to reduce the amount of hazardous substances that are generated. Green technology is being used worldwide in our society by creating alternative fuels for energy, creating green nanotechnology, green chemistry, environmentally preferred purchasing, & green buildings. Pros of Green Technology • Environmental technology uses latest generation of green techniques. For instance, green nanotechnology uses the latest green chemistry & green engineering techniques. • It uses renewable & sustainable resources that we could never run out of. Therefore, future generations will be able to benefit from them too, without causing permanent damage to the planet. • Green technology offers eco-friendly solutions for waste disposal & recycling. Basically, it adapts waste production, so it doesn’t harm our environment. • It uses various innovative process & techniques to create many green products. • It has no adverse effect on our planet since green technology encourages the sustainable production of energy. Cons of Green Technology • High costs • Green technology is time-consuming • Environmental effects. 15. (TCO 7) Given the relationship between population growth & environmental impacts, assess resource utilization theories & population size while examining the effects of this relationship on debt. How does this relate to poverty & hunger? Also, describe how this relates to environmental racism & global inequality. a. Resource utilization & population size affect debt for any society. When you have a larger population & not a lot of resources then you will see that that area is has less money than another area that can afford resources. You see this the most in third world countries where people don’t have access to the same resources as others. They usually have little to no money to their name & wouldn’t be able to afford the basic needs to survive like food & water. This is related to poverty & hunger because you usually see these two factors with societies that have larger populations & can’t utilize their resources properly. From societies not being able to utilize their resources correctly they create a sort of environmental racism against themselves. They are seen as a society that even if given the means to make themselves better wouldn’t know how to properly do it. Global inequality happens all the time when countries ask the World Bank & the IMF for a loan so that they can make themselves better. Most of the time these organizations are ran by people who have a bias against certain societies & deem that they either don’t deserve the help or that they only receive a smaller portion because not everyone is treated equally. Most of the time they are in it for themselves & not for others. measuring patients’ hospital experiences (CCN 2015). Patient satisfaction scores are linked to reimbursement. Chamberlain College of Nursing. (2015). NR361 Information Systems in Healthcare: Week 5 lesson. St. Louis, MO: Online Publication. Respond Collapse Mark as Read Documentation & Reimbursement Kailynn Rednour Email this Author 2/3/2015 11:28:33 PM The lesson (2015) discussed HCAHPS three goals. The survey provides measurable data that can be compared to multiple hospitals, it motivates staff to improve their numbers by providing incentives to improve quality of care, & hospitals performances are put under a magnifying glass either reflecting positive or negative actions. All of these reasons are why each hospital implements new action plans to increase their scores. Quietness has been an issue in hospitals for years. Currently, we are researching ways to improve our score in this area. Nearly everyone does not want new policies implemented because it is more “work” for them to do. However, by implementing measure to improve scores, employees get raises! As I stated in a previous discussion, document is very important for safety & reimbursement purposes. I cannot think of a time where my unit did not get reimbursed for documentation purposes. If there was an issue with documentation, the nurse would have to go back & edited it. There are nurses who perform random chart checks on each unit. If there was something we were dinged on, the manager would inform us. The night shifters are sure to check the charts adequately so we are not dinged. Although I cannot think of a documentation error, I can however think of a time where a patient’s hospital stay was free. Hebda & Czar (2012) discussed how physicians do not get reimbursed on the quantity of patients that they see, but on the quality of care that they provide (p.392). I can remember a patient who had back surgery. He was not getting better, he was declining. After testing, he had pulmonary embolisms in multiple places. His stay was not charged due to the [Show More]

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