EDF 6225 FINAL Exam 110 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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EDF 6225 FINAL Exam 110 Questions with Verified Answers A behavior is any __________________ and observable act of an organism. - CORRECT ANSWER measurable An unconditioned punisher's effectiven... ess does not depend on its contingent relation to another punisher. - CORRECT ANSWER unconditioned punisher Motivating operations can change whether something functions as reinforcement while a discriminative stimulus is a signal that=________ _____ is available. - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcement An unconditioned reinforcer is a reinforcing stimulus that has acquired its properties as a function of species history. - CORRECT ANSWER species Nia hears an unfamiliar loud sound and the preceding response is decreased in the future. - CORRECT ANSWER unconditioned punisher A conditioned punisher is a neutral stimulus turned punisher due to pairing with other _____. - CORRECT ANSWER punishers Blinking can be a(n) _____ behavior or a reflexive behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER operant Satiation is a _____ in a reinforcer's effectiveness due to repeated presentations of the reinforcer. - CORRECT ANSWER weakening The three term contingency is antecedent, _____, consequence - CORRECT ANSWER behavior An antecedent occurs _____ to the behavior of interest - CORRECT ANSWER prior Any operation that changes the status of a stimulus as a reinforcer or punisher is a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER MO Nia's mom gives her a high five each time Nia says "five." Nia starts to say "five" more frequently. Example of _____ reinforcement. - CORRECT ANSWER positive Nia's hand raising behavior is much more frequent in the presence of the math teacher who praises her. Hand raising is under _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus control An unconditioned punisher is a neutral stimulus turned _____ without any pairing with other punishers. - CORRECT ANSWER punisher A reflex is when an unconditioned stimulus elicits a(n) _____ response. - CORRECT ANSWER unconditioned A conditioned reinforcer is a neutral stimulus turned _____ due to pairing with other reinforcers. - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcer Presentation or addition of an event or stimulus that increases the rate of response - CORRECT ANSWER positive reinforcement The process of changing operant behavior based on its environmental consequences is _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER operant conditioning A unit of behavior - CORRECT ANSWER response A(n) _____ _____ is an event or stimulus that acquires its reinforcing function over the lifetime of the organism. - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned reinforcer Negative punishment involves the _____ of a stimulus that follows a behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER removal A response class is all the _____ forms of the performance that have a similar function. - CORRECT ANSWER topographic Respondent behavior increases or decreases by the _____ of a stimulus that precedes the response. - CORRECT ANSWER presentation An unconditioned reinforcer's effectiveness doesn't depend on its contingent relation to another _____. - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcer Negative punishment involves _____ the future rate of similar responses under similar conditions. - CORRECT ANSWER decreasing Formal, _____, and functional elements may be shared by a stimulus class. - CORRECT ANSWER temporal Negative reinforcement is to _____ as negative punishment is to decrease. - CORRECT ANSWER INCREASE The oven timer was a neutral stimulus that has become a conditioned stimulus for salivation through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus-food. - CORRECT ANSWER respondent conditioning Behavior that is altered by the presence or absence of an antecedent stimulus is under _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus control Involves no reinforcement being available for a previously reinforced behavior - CORRECT ANSWER extinction Positive punishment involves the _____ of a stimulus that follows a behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER addition A behavior is measurable and _____. - CORRECT ANSWER observable The environment encompasses all _____ that affect an organism's behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER stimuli Extinction involves _____ reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER withholding A reinforcer is a consequence stimulus that _____ the future rate or probability of a behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER increases Stimulus control is a change in operant behavior that occurs depending on whether a discriminative stimulus or _____ is presented. - CORRECT ANSWER ⁠S-Delta A stimulus is added (following an operant behavior) that decreases the rate of behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER positive punishment Stickers that have been paired with access to a known reinforcer and now are stickers are _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned reinforcers Sugar water is sometimes used to increase the suckling behaviors of newborns. An example of a(n) _____ reinforcer. - CORRECT ANSWER unconditioned Nia has a stomach ache. This can be a(n) _____, an external agent that affects her behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus Respondent behavior is _____ by antecedent stimuli. - CORRECT ANSWER elicited A punishing stimulus that has acquired its properties as a function of species history - CORRECT ANSWER unconditioned punisher Each time Nia jumps is a single instance of behavior, or a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER response Negative reinforcement is a behavior followed by removal of a stimulus that _____ the future rate of similar responses. - CORRECT ANSWER increases Negative reinforcement has occured when the termination of a stimulus _____ following a response results in an increase in responding. - CORRECT ANSWER immediately A stimulus prior to the behavior being observed - CORRECT ANSWER antecedent A behavior is any _______ and observable act of an organism. - CORRECT ANSWER measurable A group of stimuli that share specified common elements along formal, temporal, and/or functional dimensions - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus class Nia sees a dog, says dog, and gets to pet the dog. Seeing a dog is a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER antecedent The basic process by which operant learning occurs is called _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER operant conditioning A punisher is a(n) _____ that decreases responding that produces it. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus Extinction includes no reinforcement of a(n) _____ reinforced behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER previously A punisher is a consequence stimulus that _____ the future rate or probability of a behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER decreases A stimulus turned reinforcer due to pairing with other reinforcers - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned reinforcer The three term contingency is _____, behavior, consequence - CORRECT ANSWER antecedent Washing the dishes in the sink, in the dishwasher, or in the bathtub are all one _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER response class Signals availability of reinforcement for a specific response. - CORRECT ANSWER SD Respondent conditioning involves pairing a(n) _____ stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus. - CORRECT ANSWER neutral The three term contingency is antecedent, behavior, _____. - CORRECT ANSWER consequence Motivating operations alter the current _____ of behavior affected by a consequence contingency. - CORRECT ANSWER frequency Can be elicited by conditioned or unconditioned stimuli that precedes the response - CORRECT ANSWER respondent behavior A teacher who gives candy for in seat behavior is absent, the substitute has no candy. The teacher is a(n) _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER SD A discriminative stimulus signals that reinforcement is _____ for a specific behavioral response - CORRECT ANSWER available A stimulus is an energy change that affects a(n) _____ through its receptor cells. - CORRECT ANSWER organism A motivating operation alters the effectiveness of stimuli as _____. - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcement Respondent conditioning includes stimulus-stimulus pairing until a neutral stimulus becomes a _____ stimulus. - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned A stimulus class share common _____. - CORRECT ANSWER elements Operant behavior produces _____ that in turn strengthen the behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER consequences Nia receives gum after she says "gum" and saying "gum" decreases in the future. This is a positive _____. - CORRECT ANSWER punisher Nia can't watch her favorite youtube clip outside of therapy. This state of _____ makes it a more powerful reinforcer. - CORRECT ANSWER deprivation A group of stimuli that are all the same color - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus class Nia's eyes water when it is windy. This is a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER reflex When a stimulus is removed/prevented (following an operant Bx) that decreases the rate of behavior - CORRECT ANSWER negative punishment A reflex is when an antecedent stimulus _____ a respondent behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER elicits A punisher that was once a neutral stimulus - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned punisher Respondent behavior is elicited by a particular unconditioned or conditioned _____ stimulus. - CORRECT ANSWER antecedent A stimulus delta does not signal that _____ is available for specific responses. - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcement Motivating operations influence behavior by temporarily changing the value or _____ of reinforcers. - CORRECT ANSWER effectiveness Nia's mom gives her dessert for finishing her dinner. Her dad does not. Nia's dad is a(n) _____ _____ for finishing dinner. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus delta Positive reinforcement involves the occurrence of a stimulus _____ following a response. - CORRECT ANSWER immediately A stimulus that increases the future rate of a preceding behavior - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcer A stimulus delta is a stimulus that _____ an operant that does not produce reinforcement. - CORRECT ANSWER precedes Nia eats a bag of chocolate before therapy, and chocolate is less reinforcing during therapy. - CORRECT ANSWER satiation The lights, volume of voices, and shape of a chair are all part of a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER environment A stimulus delta is an antecedent that does not serve as an appropriate _____ for responding. - CORRECT ANSWER cue The complex of circumstances in which the organism exists - CORRECT ANSWER environment Deprivation is defined by how much _____ has elapsed since last similar reinforcer. - CORRECT ANSWER time A baby experiencing that saying "milk" results in getting milk is an example of _____ conditioning. - CORRECT ANSWER operant Negative reinforcement is a behavior followed by _____ of a stimulus that increases the future rate of similar responses. - CORRECT ANSWER removal Operant conditioning involves functional relations between behavior and _____. - CORRECT ANSWER consequences A condition or stimulus following behavior of interest - CORRECT ANSWER consequence Continued presentation or availability of a reinforcer that reduces its effectiveness is _____. - CORRECT ANSWER satiation The seatbelt sound stops when you buckle your seatbelt, increasing the future frequency of that response. Example of a negative _____ - CORRECT ANSWER reinforcement Operant behavior is selected, maintained, and brought under stimulus control through _____. - CORRECT ANSWER consequences Stimulus control is the _____ _____ of behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER discriminative control A reflex is when a relation between a(n) _____ and a response doesn't depend on prior conditioning. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus External agents that affect behavior are _____. - CORRECT ANSWER stimuli A contingency is a relation between _____ and its controlling variables. - CORRECT ANSWER behavior Negative reinforcement is to _____ as positive reinforcement is to add. - CORRECT ANSWER remove A reduction in the availability of a reinforcer over time leads to _____ of that reinforcer. - CORRECT ANSWER deprivation A contingency is the relationship between the occasion, the operant class, and the ________ that follow the behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER consequences A response class is a group of responses which produce the same _____ on the environment. - CORRECT ANSWER effect Extinction is one of several ways to _____ the rate of behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER decrease A response is a(n) _____ instance of behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER single Stimulus present when a behavior has not produced reinforcement in the past. - CORRECT ANSWER Any measurable and observable act of an organism - CORRECT ANSWER behavior Any physical event, combination of events or relations among events can be a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus A reinforcer is a(n) _____ that increases responding that produces it. - CORRECT ANSWER stimulus A tone that has been paired with a punisher and has a become punisher is a(n) _____ _____. - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned punisher An event or stimulus that acquires its punishing function over the lifetime of the organism - CORRECT ANSWER conditioned punisher [Show More]

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