hat makes up the plasma membrane?
a. Lipids: determine membrane size and structure
b. Proteins: determine membrane function
c. Carbohydrates: protection, lubrication, cell to cellrecognition
2. What are the five func
...
hat makes up the plasma membrane?
a. Lipids: determine membrane size and structure
b. Proteins: determine membrane function
c. Carbohydrates: protection, lubrication, cell to cellrecognition
2. What are the five functions of the plasma membrane?
a. Structure
b. Protection
c. Activation of cell
d. Storage
e. Cell to cell communication
3. What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a. Active transport: movement of materials across a cell membrane into a region of higher
concentration; requires energy input
b. Passive transport: movement of materials across a cell membrane into a region of lower
concentration; without the input of energy
c. Name and define the different types.
i. Diffusion: passive
1. Movement ofsolute from an area of greatersolute concentration to an
area of lesser solute concentration until equilibrium
2. Diffusion of oxygen: the concentration of oxygen molecules is greater
outside the cell than inside, so the oxygen molecules diffuse into the cell
ii. Hydrostatic pressure-filtration: passive
1. Mechanical force pushing water and solutesthrough cellular
membranes
a. Movement occurs because of movement ofsolutes and fluid
from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
2. Blood pressure is an example of this inside the body
iii. Osmosis: passive
1. Movement of water from a region of higher water concentration to one
of lower water concentration
2. The membrane must be more permeable to water than to solutes
3. The concentration of solutes on one side of the membrane must be
greater than on the other side
4. Water goes where salt is
iv. Sodium Potassium Pump: active
1. Requires expenditure of energy-ATP (thisrequires oxygen)
2. Moves larger molecules (amino acids) and ions (Na, K, Ca)
v. Transport of nutrients and waste: active
1. Endocytosis: process by which cells engulf materials
2. Pinocytosis: ingestion of fluid into cytoplasm
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