Health Assessment OUTLINE 14 Chapter 14
Eyes
External Anatomy
• Bony orbital cavity surrounded by cushion of fat protects eye
• Eyelids are like two movable shades that further protect eye from injury, strong light,
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Health Assessment OUTLINE 14 Chapter 14
Eyes
External Anatomy
• Bony orbital cavity surrounded by cushion of fat protects eye
• Eyelids are like two movable shades that further protect eye from injury, strong light, and dust
• Upper eyelid larger and more mobile
• Eyelashes are short hairs in double or triple rows that curve outward from lid margins, filtering out dust and dirt
• Palpebral fissure: elliptical open space between eyelids
• When closed, lid margins approximate completely
• When open, upper lid covers part of iris
• Lower lid margin, at limbus, borders between cornea and sclera
• Canthus: corner of eye, angle where lids meet
• Inner canthus: caruncle is small fleshy mass containing sebaceous glands
• External Anatomy of the Eye
Tarsal Plates
• Within upper lid, they are strips of connective tissue that give it shape
• Contain meibomian glands, which are modified sebaceous glands that secrete an oily lubricating material onto lids
• This stops the tears from overflowing and helps to form an airtight seal when lids are closed
Conjunctiva and Cornea
• Conjunctiva: transparent protective covering of exposed part of eye
• Palpebral conjunctiva: lines lids, is clear, with many small blood vessels
• Bulbar conjunctiva: overlies eyeball, with white sclera showing through
• At limbus, conjunctivae merge with cornea
• Cornea: covers and protects iris and pupil
Lacrimal Gland
• Lacrimal gland, in upper outer corner over eye, secretes tears
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