*NURSING > QUESTIONS & ANSWERS > Chapter 19: Drug Therapy for High Blood Lipids Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Esse (All)

Chapter 19: Drug Therapy for High Blood Lipids Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety, 2nd Edition

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MULTIPLE CHOICE BASIC CONCEPTS 1. What does the term “rhabdomyolysis” mean? a. High blood lipid levels b. Skeletal muscle breakdown c. Coronary artery disease from atherosclerosis d. Skin ye... llowing (jaundice) from liver complications ANS: B Patients taking the “statin” type of cholesterol-lowering drugs may develop rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown). Signs and symptoms of rhabdomyolysis include general muscle soreness, muscle pain and weakness, vomiting, stomach pain, and brown urine. The urine turns brown because small reddish-brown pieces of broken-down muscle are removed from the body through the urine. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 315 2. What problem is usually caused by high blood lipid levels? a. Atherosclerosis b. Blindness from glaucoma c. Chronic hypotension d. Deadly dysrhythmias ANS: A Cholesterol is produced by the liver, and it is in the foods that you eat. However, your body needs only a small amount of cholesterol; too much cholesterol in the bloodstream can deposit in the walls of blood vessels forming plaque that contributes to the development of narrowed arteries such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 312 3. What enzyme is inhibited by the “statin” type of lipid-lowering drugs? a. Integrase b. Alteplase c. Reverse transcriptase d. HMG CoA reductase ANS: D Statins inhibit HMG CoA reductase, an enzyme that controls cholesterol production in the body. They lower blood lipid levels by slowing the production of cholesterol and increasing the ability of the liver to remove LDL cholesterol from the blood. Statins are the most effective group of these drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 314 TEST BANK FOR UNDERSTANDING PHARMACOLOGY 2ND EDITION BY WORKMAN NURSINGKING.COM #1 U.S NURSING TEST BANKS STORE N U R S I N G K I N G . C O M 4. For which patient should statin drugs be avoided? a. Children over age 8 years b. Women who are pregnant c. Men who are over age 65 years d. Women who are over age 65 years ANS: B Statins should not be given to women who are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding. Statins decrease the amount of fat in the body. Fat is essential to brain development in the fetus and infant. When there is not enough fat in the body during pregnancy and infancy, the fetus can suffer poor brain development and mental retardation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 316 5. How do bile acid sequestrants work to lower blood lipids? a. Increasing the intestinal excretion of dietary fat b. Preventing the liver from making excess lipids c. Decreasing the movement of blood lipids into blood vessel cells d. Moving extra lipids out of atheromas and into the intestinal tract ANS: A Bile acid sequestrants help the body lose cholesterol. The drugs are taken by mouth and work directly on dietary fats in the intestine. They bind with cholesterol in the intestine, preventing the fats from being absorbed into the blood. This action then eliminates the cholesterol from the body through the stool. [Show More]

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