Solution Manual & Test Bank for Financial Management Theory & Practice 16th Edition by Eugene F. Brigham

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Solution Manual & Test Bank for Financial Management Theory & Practice 16th Edition by Eugene F. Brigham Chapter 1 An Overview of Financial Management Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, s ... tudents should be able to do the following: ◆ Explain the role of finance and the different types of jobs in finance. ◆ Identify the advantages and disadvantages of different forms of business organization. ◆ Explain the links between stock price, intrinsic value, and executive compensation. ◆ Identify the potential conflicts that arise within the firm between stockholders and managers and between stockholders and bondholders, and discuss the techniques that firms can use to mitigate these potential conflicts. ◆ Discuss the importance of business ethics and the consequences of unethical behavior. 2 Lecture Suggestions Chapter 1: An Overview of Financial Management © 2022 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. Lecture Suggestions Chapter 1 covers some important concepts and discussing them in class can be interesting. However, students can read the chapter on their own, so it can be assigned but not covered in class. We spend the first day going over the syllabus and discussing grading and other mechanics relating to the course. To the extent that time permits, we talk about the topics that will be covered in the course and the structure of the book. We also briefly discuss the fact that it is assumed that managers try to maximize stock prices, but that they may have other goals, hence that it is useful to tie executive compensation to stockholder-oriented performance measures. If time permits, we think it’s worthwhile to spend at least a full day on the chapter. If not, we ask students to read it on their own, and to keep them honest, we ask one or two questions about the material on the first exam. One point we emphasize in the first class is that students should print a copy of the PowerPoint slides for each chapter covered and purchase a financial calculator immediately and bring both to class regularly. We also put copies of the various versions of our “Brief Calculator Manual,” which in about 12 pages explains how to use the most popular calculators, in the copy center. Students will need to learn how to use their calculators before time value of money concepts are covered in Chapter 5. It is important for students to grasp these concepts early as many of the remaining chapters build on the TVM concepts. We are often asked what calculator students should buy. If they already have a financial calculator that can find IRRs, we tell them that it will do, but if they do not have one, we recommend either the HP-10BII+ or 17BII+. Please see the “Lecture Suggestions” for Chapter 5 for more on calculators. Chapter 1: An Overview of Financial Management Answers and Solutions 3 © 2022 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions 1-1 A firm’s intrinsic value is an estimate of a stock’s “true” value based on accurate risk and return data. It can be estimated but not measured precisely. A stock’s current price is its market price— the value based on perceived but possibly incorrect information as seen by the marginal investor. From these definitions, you can see that a stock’s “true” long-run value is more closely related to its intrinsic value rather than its current price. 1-2 Equilibrium is the situation where the actual market price equals the intrinsic value, so investors are indifferent between buying and selling a stock. If a stock is in equilibrium then there is no fundamental imbalance, hence no pressure for a change in the stock’s price. At any given time, most stocks are reasonably close to their intrinsic values and thus are at or close to equilibrium. However, at times stock prices and equilibrium values are different, so stocks can be temporarily undervalued or overvalued. Investor optimism and pessimism, along with imperfect knowledge about the true intrinsic value, leads to deviations between the actual prices and intrinsic values. 1-3 If the three intrinsic value estimates for Stock X were different, you would have the most confidence in Company X’s CFO’s estimate. Intrinsic values are strictly estimates, and different analysts with different data and different views of the future will form different estimates of the intrinsic value for any given stock. However, a firm’s managers have the best information about the company’s future prospects, so managers’ estimates of intrinsic value are generally better than the estimates of outside investors. 1-4 If a stock’s market price and intrinsic value are equal, then the stock is in equilibrium and there is no pressure (buying/selling) to change the stock’s price. So, theoretically, it is better that the two be equal; however, intrinsic value is a long-run concept. Management’s goal should be to maximize the firm’s intrinsic value, not its current price. So, maximizing the intrinsic value will maximize the average price over the long run but not necessarily the current price at each point in time. So, stockholders in general would probably expect the firm’s market price to be under the intrinsic value—realizing that if management is doing its job that current price at any point in time would not necessarily be maximized. However, the CEO would prefer that the market price be high— since it is the current price that he will receive when exercising his stock options. In addition, he will be retiring after exercising those options, so there will be no repercussions to him (with respect to his job) if the market price drops—unless he did something illegal during his tenure as CEO. [Show More]

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