According to Module 12, Cyberspace is defined as the domain characterized by the use of
electronics and electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify and exchange data via network
systems and associated physical infrastruc
...
According to Module 12, Cyberspace is defined as the domain characterized by the use of
electronics and electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify and exchange data via network
systems and associated physical infrastructure. This includes the internet, telecommunications
network, and any other network connected to either of them. Most of the networks of interest are
connected, leading to the perception that the cyberspace to military operations is a single
network. The biggest similarity between cyberspace and other domains is that military operations
do not depend on access and operations in all areas of the domain at all times (Welch, 2011). For
example, the domain of sea requires control of areas of the water/oceans at all times and other
areas only at selected times (MacKenzie, 2019). The biggest difference between cyberspace and
other domains is that cyberspace is created by man and constantly under construction due to the
changing and evolving of technology as the days go by (Welch, 2011).
There are four components to cyber operations: Cyber situational awareness, Cyber
network operations, Cyberwarfare, and Cyber support. Cyber situational awareness means
understanding the current threats to your company’s data and the data it has of others, as well as
possible future threats. Cyber network operation is defined as the component that establishes,
operates, manages, protects, defends, and commands & controls land networks and other critical
infrastructure. Cyberwarfare extends cyber power beyond the defensive boundaries to detect,
deter, deny and defeat adversaries by using cyber exploitation, cyberattack, and dynamic cyber
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