Pharmacology ATI Review
Chapter 1
4 phases
- Absorption
- Distribution
o Medication requires binding proteins (ex. Albumin)
- Metabolism
o Primarily by the liver, can also be done by kidneys, bowel and blood
o Fi
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Pharmacology ATI Review
Chapter 1
4 phases
- Absorption
- Distribution
o Medication requires binding proteins (ex. Albumin)
- Metabolism
o Primarily by the liver, can also be done by kidneys, bowel and blood
o First pass effect – the rapid uptake and metabolism of an agent into inactive compounds by
the liver, before it reaches the systemic circulation
- Excretion
o Primarily through the kidneys
Therapeutic index
- Low therapeutic index = increased risk for toxicity
Half-life – the period of time needed for a medication to be reduced by 50%
- Long half life = increased risk for toxicity
Agonist – designed to produce an action
Antagonist – meant to oppose an action
Chapter 2
Types of prescriptions
- Routine
- Single, one-time
- STAT
- PRN
- Standing
Components of an Order
- Date and time, dosage, route, time and frequency, provider signature, name of patient, name of
medication
Medication Reconciliation
- At admission, transfer of units and at discharge
Rights of Medication Administration
- Right patient, time, route, dose, medication, documentation
- Patient has the right to refuse medications
Chapter 4
IV Therapy
- Absorption is instant
- Do not put medications through tubing that are infusing blood, blood products or TPN
- Verify the compatibility of medications that are going through the same line
- Avoid using the back of the hand for IV insertion
- Fluids should not hang for more than 24hours – unless they are a closed system
- 16 gauge for trauma
- 18 gauge for surgical patients or patients receiving blood products
- 20 gauge is usually the default
- 22 – 24 gauge for children or older adults
Complications
- Infiltration
o Pallor, local swelling and cool temperature
o Stop the infusion, remove the catheter, elevate th
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