A client's blood glucose level is 23 mmol/L. The client is unresponsive and unable to swallow. What
priority action should be taken to increase the blood glucose rapidly? Administration of IV fluid
containing glucose l
...
A client's blood glucose level is 23 mmol/L. The client is unresponsive and unable to swallow. What
priority action should be taken to increase the blood glucose rapidly? Administration of IV fluid
containing glucose like D5, or DNS can rapidly increase the blood glucose level in cases where
patient is unresponsive and unable to swallow.
Examples of beta 2 adrenergic agonists
-albuterol
-formoterol
-salbutamol
-levalbuterol
-salmeterol
indications for albuterol
-asthma
-COPD
mode of action of albuterol
binds to beta 2 receptors in airway smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation
side effects of albuterol
-tachycardia
-angina
-tremors
key points of albuterol
if using along with an inhaled glucocorticoid, take beta 2 adrenergic agonist first and wait 5 minutes before taking
glucocorticoid
example of a methylaxine
Pharmacology Post-Assessment Review
theophylline
indications for theophylline
-long term control of asthma
-COPD
mode of action of theophylline
increases cAMP, resulting in bronchodilation
side effects of theophylline
-GI upset
-dysrhythmias
-seizures
key points of theophylline
-not used much due to serious side effects
-periodic serum levels are needed
examples of inhaled anticholinergics
Ipratropium (Atrovent, Atrovent HFA)
Tiotropium (Spiriva)
indications for ipratropium
-asthma
-COPD
mode of action of ipratropium
blocks ACh receptors in airway smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation
side effects of ipratropium
-dry mouth
Pharmacology Post-Assessment Review
-hoarseness
key points of ipratropium
-increase fluids
-suck on sugar-free candy
Examples of glucocorticoids
-Beclomethasone (Beclovent, ApoBeclomethasone)
-Budesonide (GEN-Budesonide)
-Fluticasone (Flovent)
-Methylprednisolone (Medrol, Methylprednisolone
Sodium Succinate)
-Prednisone (Apo-, Novo-prednisone) **
-Triamcinolone (Nasacort, Nasacort)
indications for beclomethasone
asthma; use alone or in combination with a beta 2 adrenergic agonist
mode of action of beclomethasone
decreases inflammation locally
side effects of beclomethasone
-hoarseness
-candidiasis (fungal infection)
key points of beclomethasone
-rinse mouth with water after administration
-use bronchodilator FIRST, wait 5 minutes, then use glucocorticoid
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