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Neurotransmitters and Their Receptors

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1. What is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the adult brain? a. GABA b. Glutamate c. Dopamine d. Serotonin e. Norepinephrine Answer: b Textbook Reference: Overview 2. To which categor... y of neurotransmitters does acetylcholine belong? a. Purines b. Peptides c. Amino acids d. Biogenic amines e. Small-molecule neurotransmitters Answer: e Textbook Reference: Acetylcholine 3. What is the mechanism of organophosphate toxicity? a. Inhibition of acetylcholine reuptake b. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase c. Inhibition of choline reuptake d. Blockage of postsynaptic channels e. Interference with the vesicle fusion process Answer: b Textbook Reference: Acetylcholine 4. Which toxin blocks neuromuscular transmission by irreversibly binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, thus preventing acetylcholine from opening postsynaptic ion channels? a. α-bungarotoxin b. Nicotine c. Muscarine d. Atropine e. Arecoline Answer: a Textbook Reference: Acetylcholine 5. Which statement about a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction is accurate? a. It has one binding site, and binding of one molecule of acetylcholine to this site will activate the receptor. b. It has three binding sites, and binding of only one molecule of acetylcholine to any of the sites will activate the receptor. c. It has two binding sites, and binding of two molecules of acetylcholine, one to each site, is required to activate the receptor. d. It has two binding sites, and binding of only one molecule of acetylcholine to either of the sites will activate the receptor. e. It has four binding sites, and binding of only three molecules of acetylcholine to any of the sites is required to activate the receptor. Answer: c Textbook Reference: Acetylcholine 6. Which statement about muscarinic acetylcholine receptors is true? a. They control a ligand-gated channel. b. They mediate a rapid response to acetylcholine. c. They are ionotropic receptors. d. They are metabotropic receptors. e. They mediate the effects of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Acetylcholine 7. What is the main cause of myasthenia gravis symptoms? a. Smaller EEPs and MEEPs b. Autoimmune reaction against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors c. Muscle weakness d. Insufficient quantities of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft e. Excessive activity of acetylcholinesterase Answer: b Textbook Reference: Acetylcholine 8. Which neurotransmitter is released at the majority of brain synapses, making it the most abundant neurotransmitter in the nervous system? a. Dopamine b. Acetylcholine c. Norepinephrine d. GABA e. Glutamate Answer: e Textbook Reference: Glutamate [Show More]

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