Adverse Effect:
Any undesirable, unfavorable, unintended, or dangerous reaction.
Tylenol (Acetaminophen)
- Dark Urine
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Allergic Reaction
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling (Face, Lips
...
Adverse Effect:
Any undesirable, unfavorable, unintended, or dangerous reaction.
Tylenol (Acetaminophen)
- Dark Urine
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Allergic Reaction
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling (Face, Lips, Tongue or Throat)
Call 911
Side Effect:
An effect that is secondary, or additional, to the on intended.
Tylenol (Acetaminophen)
- Upset stomach
- Nausea
- Loss of appetite
- Itching
Call HCP
Adverse Effects vs Side Effects
Substance P
Prostaglandis
Bradykinis
Histamine
Pain-mediating chemicals
1. The pain impulse travels along the sensory nerve from the origin of pain in the
periphery, to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
2. IF the dorsal horn conducts the pain sensation up the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex
and thalamus, it's then interpreted in relation to the location and type of pain.
3. Once the brain interprets the pain, the body releases body's natural pain killers;
serotonin, enkephalins, and endorphins in response to pain pain.
Sensory: Pain
There are gates in the spinal cord that open or close in relation to the conduction of pain up the
spinal cord to the brain.
According to "Gate Theory"
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Unit
TENS Unit stands for...
S.E.E.
Serotinon
Enkephalins
Endorphins
These bind with opioid receptors and inhibit the conduction of pain impulses.
Releif of a decrease of pain is the outcome.
Body's natural pain killers
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7.
8.
9.
10.
1. MU
2. KAPPA
3. DELTA
Three types of Opioid Receptors
Analgesia, euphoria, sedation
Respiratory depression
Physical dependence
> Stimulated by opioid drugs.
> They cause analgesia or relief of pain whenever receptors are stimulated.
> Stimulation causes respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation, and physical dependence.
MU opioid receptor
Analgesia, sedation
Psychic Effects
> Stimulated by opioid drugs.
> They cause analgesia, sedation, and psychotomimetic effects whenever receptors are
stimulated
KAPPA opioid receptor
No pharmacology-related effects
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11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
DELTA opioid receptor
respiratory depression
euphoria
sedation
physical dependence.
What are the effects that are primary concerns when administering opiod analgesics?
Effects that mimic psychosis such as hallucinations and delusion.
What is psychotomimetic effects?
> Occurs secondary to injury
Pain
Inflammation
Fever
Edema
> Chemical mediators
Bradykinins
Histamine
Prostaglandins
Inflammatory Response
Bradykinins
Histamine
Prostaglandins
What are the mediating chemicals released in response to cellular damage?
Pain
Inflammation
Fever
Edema
What are the local reaction to mediating chemicals?
Substance P
Prostaglandins
Bradykinins
Histamine
Substances that increase pain transmission and cause an inflammatory response.
Serotonin
Endorphins
Enkephalins
Substances that decrease paint transmission and produce analgesia
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