WGU C787 NUTRITION STUDY GUIDE

DEFINE MACRONUTRIENTS Ans- NUTRIENTS REQUIRED IN LARGER AMOUNTS EX. CARBS, FATS, PROTEINS DEFINE MICRONUTRIENTS Ans- NUTRIENTS REQUIRED IN SMALLER AMOUNTS EX. VITAMINS, MINERALS EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF KWASHIORK ...

DEFINE MACRONUTRIENTS Ans- NUTRIENTS REQUIRED IN LARGER AMOUNTS EX. CARBS, FATS, PROTEINS DEFINE MICRONUTRIENTS Ans- NUTRIENTS REQUIRED IN SMALLER AMOUNTS EX. VITAMINS, MINERALS EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF KWASHIORKOR Ans- CONSUMES ADEQUATE ENERGY BUT NOT ENOUGH PROTEIN, OFTEN DUE TO FAMINE OR DROUGHT S/S POTBELLY, UNPIGMENTED, EDEMA IN LEGS EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF MARASMUS Ans- DOES NOT CONSUME ENOUGH ENERGY OR PROTEIN BODY STARTS TO BREAK DOWN MUSCLES S/S "SKIN AND BONES" LARGE EYES, BALD EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF OBESITY Ans- EXCESSIVE ACCUMULATION OF BODY FAT S/S HIGH BP, STROKE, TYPE 2 DIABETES, HEART DISEASE EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF ANOREXIA Ans- SELF INDUCED MALNUTRITION, OFTEN DUE TO BODY IMAGE, SELF STARVATION EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF BULIMIA NERVOSA Ans- BINGE EATING AND PURGING, VOMITING EXPLAIN AND GIVE S/S OF PELLAGRA Ans- DIETARY DEFICIENCY OF NIACIN (VIT B3) COMMON WITH CORN BASED DIET, ALCOHOLICS S/S DIARRHEA. DERMATITIS, DEMENTIA, DEATH IF UNTREATED VITAMIN A DEFFICIENCIES Ans- NIGHT BLINDNESS DRY SCALY SKIN CORNEAL DAMAGE VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY Ans- SCURVY POOR WOUND HEALING BLEEDING GUMS IRON DEFICIENCY Ans- ANEMIA IODINE DEFICIENCY Ans- CRETINISM GOITER THYROID PROBLEMS VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY Ans- RICKETS OSTEOPATHIC OSTEOPOROSIS VITAMIN E DEFICIENCY Ans- HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY Ans- DECREASED SYNTHESIS OF CLOTTING FACTOR HEMORRHAGE TREATMENTS FOR MALNUTRITION Ans- CORRECTING DIET CORRECT BODY FLUID, POTASSIUM "HURRY SLOWLY" DILUTED MILK WITH ADDED SUGAR HEI (HEALTHY EATING INDEX) Ans- MEASURES THE QUALITY OF A DIET, HOW WELL THE FOOD ALIGNS WITH KEY RECOMMENDATIONS DGA (Dietary Guidelines for Americans) Ans- VARIETY OF VEGATABLES (GREEN, RED, ORANGE, STARCHY) FRUITS (ESPECIALLY WHOLE FRUIT) GRAINS (ATLEAST HALF WHOLE GRAINS) DAIRY (FAT FREE, LOW FAT) PROTEINS OILS *LIMIT SATURATED FATS, TRANSFATS, ADDED SUGARS, SODIUM NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) Ans- PROGRAM OF STUDIES DESIGNED TO ASSESS THE HEALTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN IN THE US, INTERVIEWS AND PHYSICAL EXAMS. PROGRAM OF THE CDC BEGAN IN EARLY 1960S, 1999 BECAME CONTINUOUS DRI (DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES) Ans- SET OF NUTRIENT INTAKE VALUES USED TO PLAN AND EVALUATE DIETS PROTEIN - 60 GM/ DAY 1/2 OF ALL GRAINS CONSUMED SHOULD BE WHOLE GRAINS CHANGES MADE TO DRI IN LATE 1990S Ans- EXPANDED FROM THE RDA CONTAINS SEVERAL DIFFERENT GROUPS TO PROVIDE MORE ADEQUATE INFORMATION NEEDED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS BY AGE GROUP Ans- PRESCHOOL -ACTIVE THROUGHOUT DAY TO ENHANCE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 6-17 YEARS: ONE HOUR OR MORE OF ACTIVITY ADULTS: MORE MORE, SIT LESS; 150 MINS-300 MINS PER WEEK WHAT DOES PERCENT DV SHOW? Ans- HOW MUCH OF A NUTRIENT IS IN ONE SERVING OF FOOD. BASED ON DAILY VALUES FOR KEY NUTRIENTS MY PLATE RECOMMENDATIONS Ans- MAKE HALF OF YOUR PLATE FRUITS AND VEG, SELECT NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS TO MEET DRI THE FOUR DIETARY FATS Ans- SATURATED TRANS MONOSATURATED POLYUNSATURATED BAD FATS Ans- SATURATED AND TRANSFATS SOLID AT ROOM TEMP RAISE LDL (BAD CHOLESTEROL) GOOD FATS Ans- MONOSATURATED, POLYUNSATURATED LIQUID AT ROOM TEMP LOWER LDL (BAD CHOLESTEROL) DASH DIET Ans- Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension CONSUME UP TO 2300 MG OF SODIUM A DAY PREGNANT WOMEN FOLATE RECOMMENDATIONS Ans- CONSUME 4000 MCG OF FOLIC ACID EVERY DAY ONE MONTH BEFORE BECOMING PREGNANT AND THROUGH FIRST THREE MONTHS OF PREGNANCY WHOLE GRAIN VS REFINED GRAINS Ans- WHOLE GRAINS - CONTAIN ENTIRE GRAIN KERNAL (WHOLE WHEAT FLOUR, OATMEAL, WHOLE CORNMEAL, BROWN RICE) REFINED - MILLED, REMOVES BRAN AND GERM (WHITE BREAD, WHITE RICE, WHITE FLOUR) RECOMMENDED UL (TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVEL) OF SODIUM Ans- NO MORE THAN 2300 MG OF SODIUM PER DAY RECOMMENDED PER DAY IS 1000-1500 MG PER DAY RECOMMENDED UL FOR CALCIUM Ans- UL - 2500 MG PER DAY RECOMMENDED AMT - 1000 MG PER DAY NUTRIENT DENSE FOODS Ans- CONTAIN VITAMINS, MINERALS, COMPLEX CARBS, LEAN PROTEIN, HEALTH FATS EX. WHOLE GRAINS, FAT FREE MILK, SEAFOOD, EGGS, NUTS LOW SODIUM FOODS Ans- FRESH BEEF, LAMB, PORK, FISH EGGS NOT CANNED PEAS AND BEANS HIGH SODIUM FOODS Ans- CANNED SOUP, CANNED BEANS, FROZEN DINNERS, BURRITOS B12 IN ELDERLY Ans- ABSORPTION OF B12 DECREASES IN ELDERLY HOW TO CALCULATE BMI Ans- LBS X 703 / INCHES SQUARED KG / METER SQUARED 4 THINGS A HEALTHY WEIGHT LOSS PLAN CONSISTS OF Ans- REALISTIC WEIGHT LOSS GOAL REDUCED CALORIE, NUTRITIONALLY BALANCED EATING PLACE REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR CHANGE PLAN TO HELP STAY ON TRACK WITH YOUR GOALS TOTAL HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES SPENT ON PREVENTATIVE APPROACHES TO PREVENTABLE DISEASES Ans- 3 PERCENT PREVENTION STRATEGIES: PRIMARY, SECONDARY, TERTIARY Ans- PRIMARY - HEALTH PROMOTION SECONDARY - RISK APPRAISAL AND SCREENING FOR EARLY DETECTION TERTIARY - TREATMENT CONTRIBUTE TO OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITIY Ans- MODIFIABLE - DIET NONMODIFIABLE - AGE, RACE, FAMILY HISTORY FOODS THAT PROTECT AGAINST RISK OF HEART DISEASE Ans- FIBER, HDL LOW ALBUMIN DIET Ans- HIGH PROTEIN KIDNEY DISEASE SHOULD NOT EAT Ans- HIGH PROTEIN PROTECT SPIKES IN BLOOD SUGARS Ans- FIBER BMI CONSIDERED OBESE Ans- 30 OR GREATER WHAT REDUCTION IN BODY WEIGHT HAS CONSISTENTLY BEEN SHOWN TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND DECREASE RISKS Ans- 10 PERCENT HOW MUCH WATER WAS SHOWN TO SUPPORT WEIGHT LOSS Ans- 48 OZ OR MORE