BioChem C785 / Biochemistry Unit 4 Practice questions & answers

Biochemistry – C785 Unit 4 Quiz Additional Questions Part ½ 1. Match the letters with the correct names of the processes of the central dogma (Replication; Transcription; Translation). a. A) Replication, B) Transcr ...

Biochemistry – C785 Unit 4 Quiz Additional Questions Part ½ 1. Match the letters with the correct names of the processes of the central dogma (Replication; Transcription; Translation). a. A) Replication, B) Transcription, C) Translation 2. What would be the amino acid sequence that would result from this template sequence: 5'-TGC AAG CCA-3’? a. Trp Leu Ala 3. What would the amino acid sequence be from this coding strand sequence: 5’-GGA AGG CCC-3’? a. Gly Arg Pro This study source was downloaded by 100000831988016 from CourseHero.com on 06-02-2022 15:54:31 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/55586733/Biochemistry-Unit-4-Quiz-Addt-Ques-1docx/ 4. What would be the resulting mRNA sequence from a template strand with this sequence: 5’-CAG CTC GTC-3’? a. 5’-GAC GAG CUG-3’ 5. Which of the following is the correct tRNA anticodon for the mRNA codon 5' GCA 3'? a. 5' UGC 3' 6. If one strand of chromosome 2 has a DNA sequence that consists of this: 5’AAG CGG TAC GTA 3’. What will be the composition of the complementary DNA strand? A) 5’ TTC GCC ATG CAT 3’ B) 5’ TAC GTA CCG CTT 3’ C) 3’ AAG CGG TAC GTA 5’ D) 3’ TTC GCC ATG CAT 5’ a. B and D 7. The following sequence is the coding DNA strand of the collagen gene: 5’ ATG GCG TTC GAA 3’. What is the sequence of the corresponding mRNA? a. 5' AUG GCG UUC GAA 3' 8. During DNA replication, which of the following sequences can be used as a primer for the following DNA sequence: 3' AGT GGA TCA CTA GGC TCT 5'? (Recall that DNA replication uses RNA primers whereas PCR uses DNA primers). a. 5' UCA CCU AGU GAU 3' 9. What is the coding strand sequence if the non-template strand sequence is 5’-AGC CTT TAA CTA3’? a. 3’-ATC AAT TTC CGA-5’ 10. What would the amino acid sequence be from this coding strand sequence: 5’-GGA AGG CCC-3’? a. Gly Arg Pro 11. A mutation in the DNA that changes the sequence of a codon but does NOT change the amino acid sequence of the protein describes a ____________. a. silent mutation 12. A nonsense mutation: a. changes a codon to introduce a premature stop codon 13. Point mutations: a. change a single nucleotide in a mutant gene compared to the normal gene. Examples are missense, nonsense, and silent mutations. 14. A missense mutation: This study source was downloaded by 100000831988016 from CourseHero.com on 06-02-2022 15:54:31 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/55586733/Biochemistry-Unit-4-Quiz-Addt-Ques-1docx/ a. changes a single amino acid in a protein. 15. Frameshift mutations: a. change the number of nucleotides in a mutant gene compared to the normal gene. Examples are insertion and deletion mutations. 16. When comparing a normal and mutant gene sequence, how do you identify a frameshift mutation? a. The number of nucleotides between the normal and mutant gene sequences is different and the amino acid sequence is different. 17. If the coding (non-template) DNA sequence of a normal gene is 5' GTC GCA TGG TGA 3', which DNA sequence would represent a nonsense mutation? a. 5' GTC GCA TAG TGA 3' 18. If the coding (non-template) DNA sequence of a normal gene is 5' GTC GCA TGG TGA 3', what kind of mutation would create the mutant gene sequence 5' GTC GAC ATG GTG A 3'? a. Insertion mutation 19. If the coding (non-template) DNA sequence of a normal gene is 5' GTC GCA TGG TGA 3', which DNA sequence would represent a deletion mutation? a. 5' GTC GCA TGT GA 3' This study source was downloaded by 100000831988016 from CourseHero.com on 06-02-2022 15:54:31 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/55586733/Biochemistry-Unit-4-Quiz-Addt-Ques-1docx/ 20. Which of the following would be considered a point mutation to a DNA strand that consists of a nucleotide sequence: 5’ CTG ACG TAT CTT AAT 3’? a. 5’ CTG ACG TAA CTT AAT 3’ 21. Base excision repair: a. Fixes single damaged nucleotides 22. A patient with xeroderma pigmentosum is prone to developing multiple skin cancers starting in childhood. This occurs because of a mutation in a gene that codes for enzymes that help repair DNA damage through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathways. How does NER differ from other repair mechanisms? In NER: a. The error in one strand of DNA is removed as well as several nucleotides on either side of the error. The gap that was removed is filled in by DNA polymerase 23. Nucleotide excision repair: a. Fixes multiple damaged nucleotides 24. Several components of cigarette smoke, including benzopyrene, insert themselves (intercalate) into the DNA between nucleotides and lead to s