Physics > STUDY GUIDE > ENGGPHYSICS GCL CHAPTER VIII. FLUID STATICS (All)

ENGGPHYSICS GCL CHAPTER VIII. FLUID STATICS

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VARIATION OF PRESSURE WITH DEPTH UNIT PRESSURE or PRESSURE, P Pressure is the force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas on a body or a surface, with the force acting at right angles to the sur... face uniformly in all directions. The SI unit used for pressure is Pascal, Pa equal to N/m2. PASCAL’S LAW Pascal’s Law, introduced by French Mathematician Blaise Pascal, states that “Any two points at the same elevation in a continuous mass of the same static fluid will be at the same pressure.” o GAGE PRESSURE (RELATIVE PRESSURE), Pgage Gage pressures are above or below the atmosphere and can be measured by pressure gages or manometers. o ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, Patm Atmospheric pressure is the pressure at any one point on earth’s surface from the weight of the air above it. Under normal conditions at sea level: 1 atm = 2166 lb/ft = 14.7 psi = 29.9 in. Hg = 760 mm Hg = 101.325 KPa o ABSOLUTE PRESSURE, Pabs The intensity of pressure above absolute zero is called absolute pressure. Obviously, a negative absolute pressure is impossible. Pabs = Pgage + Patm Note: Unless otherwise specified in the problem, the term pressure signifies gage pressure. VARIATION OF PRESSURE WITH DEPTH IN A FLUID The difference in pressure between any two points in a homogeneous fluid at rest is equal to the product of the unit weight of the liquid and the vertical distance between the points. The pressure at any point below the free surface of a liquid equals the product of the unit weight of the liquid and the depth of the point. [Show More]

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