*NURSING > QUESTIONS & ANSWERS > MDC 2 Exam 1 Review Version 2 With Questions and Answers (All)

MDC 2 Exam 1 Review Version 2 With Questions and Answers

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- Death is defined as the cessation of integrated tissue and organ function, manifested by lack of heartbeat, absence of spontaneous respirations, or irreversible brain dysfunction. 2. Symptoms of ... approaching death - coolness of extremities, increased sleeping, decreased fluid and food, incontinence, gurgling, breathing pattern change (Cheyne-Stokes), fear, anxiety, difficulty coping, apnea, skin changes (waxy) 3. Management of End-of-Life symptoms - Interventions to relieve symptoms of distress include positioning, administration of medications, and a variety of complementary and integrative therapies. When medications are used, they are often scheduled around the clock to maintain COMFORT and prevent recurrence of the symptom. 4. Postmortem care - care of the body after death... Pronouncing death...RN can pronounce but not identify cause of death Allow family time with client Follow protocols of facility 5. Hospice Care - 6 months or less to live. End of Life Care 6. Palliative Care - Management of terminal illness or chronic illness. Not necessary 7. Psychosocial Needs - HOPE mnemonic - H=Sources of Hope O=Organized religion P=Personal Spirituality E=Effects of religion and spirituality 8. Benign Cells - Normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time as a result of a problem with CELLULAR REGULATION. Examples include moles, uterine fibroid tumors, skin tags, endometriosis, and nasal polyps. 9. Malignant Cells - abnormal, serve no useful function, and are harmful to normal body tissues. 10. Carcinoma - a cancer arising in the epithelial tissue of the skin or of the lining of the internal organs. 11. Sarcomas - Cancers that arise in the connective tissue cells, including bones, ligaments, and muscles. 12. Leukemia - cancer of white blood cells 13. Lymphoma - malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymph tissue 14. Grading of cancer - -assessment of the extent to which a tumor resembles the normal tissue in a site -reflects an indication of prognosis -GX-G4 -higher the grade, the more involvement 15. Ploidy - classifies the number and structure of tumor chromosomes as normal or abnormal. 16. Staging - determines the exact location of the cancer and whether metastasis has occurred. 17. TNM - tumor-node-metastasis 18. 7 warning signs of cancer (CAUTION) - C=Changes in bowel or bladder habits A=A sore that does not heal [Show More]

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