Pathophysiology Unit One Study
Questions And Answers 2022
which of the following would be the most likely cause of an iatrogenic disease? -
ANS- an unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
the manifestations of a diseas
...
Pathophysiology Unit One Study
Questions And Answers 2022
which of the following would be the most likely cause of an iatrogenic disease? -
ANS- an unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
the manifestations of a disease are best defined as the - ANS- signs and symptoms
of a disease
the best definition of the term prognosis is the - ANS- predicted outcome or likelihood
of recovery from a specific disease
which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease? - ANS- fever
etiology is defined as the study of the - ANS- causes of a disease
hypertrophy of the heart would be related to - ANS- an increase in the size of the
individual cells
a change in tissue marked by cells that very in shape and size and show increased
myotic figures would be called - ANS- dysplasia
when a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called - ANS- necrosis
lack of exercise during an illness may cause skeletal muscle to undergo - ANSatrophy
the term cancer refers to - ANS- malignant neoplasm
to which of the following does the term apoptosis refer? - ANS- per-programmed cell
self-destruction
which of the following statements is true? - ANS- damaged cells may be able to
repair themselves
caseation necrosis refers to an area where - ANS- dead cells form a thick cheesy
substance
routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of - ANS- a preventative
measure
a circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is
termed - ANS- precipitating factor
what is an acute episode of a chronic disease called - ANS- an exacerbation
the term homeostasis refers to - ANS- maintenance of a stable internal environment
which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that
arises after the original disease is established? - ANS- complication
pathophysiology involves the study of - ANS- functional or structural changes
resulting from disease processes
which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology - ANS- the science of
tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases
which of the following can cause cell injury or death? - ANS- hypoxia, exposure to
excessive cold, excessive pressure on tissue, chemical toxins. 1, 2, 3, 4!
all of the following are part of the Seven Steps to Health except: - ANS- participate in
strenuous exercise on a regular daily basis
the term disease refers to - ANS- a deviation from the normal state of health and
function
the best definition of an ischemia is - ANS- a deficit of oxygen supply to the cells,
due to circulatory obstruction
all of the following statements are correct about cell damage except - ANS- initially
cell damage does not change cell metabolism, structure, or function
which of the following conditions distinguishes double-blind studies used in health
research? - ANS- neither the members of the control group or the experimental
group, nor the person administering the treatment know who is receiving the
experimental therapy
if the data collected from the research process confirm that the new treatment has
increased effectiveness and is safe, this is called - ANS- evidence based research
a short-term illness that develops very quickly with perhaps a high fever or severe
pain is called - ANS- acute
the term prognosis refers to the - ANS- expected outcome of a disease
when prolonged ischemia occurs to an area of the heart, the resulting damage is
referred to as - ANS- infarction
during the evaluation process for a new therapy's effectiveness and safety, a doubleblind study may be conducted during - ANS- the third stage
why are the predisposing factors for a specific disease important to health
professionals? - ANS- to develop preventative measures
cell damage may be caused by exogenous sources such as - ANS- certain food
additives
which of the following is usually included in medical history? - ANS- past illnesses or
surgeries, current illnesses, acute and chronic, prescribed medication or other
treatments, nonprescription drugs and herbal remedies, current allergies.
Bacteria that form a cluster of spheres are called - ANS- staphylococci
An anaerobe requires which specific environment? - ANS- The absence of oxygen
A bacterial endospore can - ANS- survive high temperatures and dry environment
The structure of a virus includes - ANS- a protein coat and either DNA or RNA
What method do viruses use to replicate? - ANS- Using a host cell to produce and
assemble components
A retrovirus such as HIV contains - ANS- RNA and enzymes for its conversion
How do antiviral drugs act? - ANS- Reducing the rate of viral replication
Which statement applies to yeasts? They: - ANS- may cause opportunistic infections
in the body
Fungi reproduce by - ANS- budding, extension of hyphae, production of spores. 1, 2,
4
Which of the following is not classified as a protozoan agent of disease? - ANSTinea pedis
Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted by - ANS- cysts in feces
Which of the following is a characteristic of resident or normal flora (microflora)? -
ANS- Different species inhabit various areas of the body
Which area of the body is considered sterile? - ANS- Stomach
The term nosocomial infection means - ANS- acquired in a hospital or medical facility
Transmission of microbes by direct contact includes - ANS- sexual intercourse
Opportunistic infection may develop when - ANS- a member of resident flora
migrates and colonizes a new location in the body
What does a vaccine contain? - ANS- Attenuated or dead pathogens or their toxins
When do clinical signs of infection appear? - ANS- When the microbial colony is
large enough to damage the host
The principle of Universal Precautions is based on - ANS- assuming that all body
fluids from all individuals are possible sources of infection
The incubation period refers to the time period between - ANS- entry of the pathogen
into the body and the first signs of infectious disease
Which of the following is a local sign of infection? - ANS- Pain erythema, and
swelling
What are culture and sensitivity tests used for? - ANS- To identify the causative
microbe and the effective antimicrobial agent for it.
How does penicillin act as a bactericidal agent? - ANS- Interfering with cell-wall
synthesis
The primary pathological effect of influenza virus is - ANS- inflammation and
necrosis of the upper respiratory epithelium
What does leukocytosis frequently indicate - ANS- presence of bacterial infection
When an infection or inflammation is suspected, what does leucopenia often
indicate? - ANS- Viral infection
Which of the following statements applies to Chlamydia? - ANS- It causes a common
STD
Which of the following are characteristics of influenza virus? - ANS- It is an obligate
intracellular parasite, It contains RNA, there are three subtypes - A, B, C. 1, 2, 4
Which of the following manifestations is usually present with influenza but not with
the common cold? - ANS- generalized skeletal muscle aching, headache, marked
fatigue
Prions are transmitted by blood and - ANS- ingestion of contaminated meat
Which of the following statements applies to Influenza A H1N1? - ANS- It contains
genetic material from avian, swine, and human viruses
Which of the following does not directly determine the virulence of a microbe? - ANSCapacity for opportunism
Which of the following is a function of interferons? They: - ANS- increase host cell
resistance to viral invasion
Inflamed tissue is likely to become infected because - ANS- capillaries are less
permeable in the affected area.
When an infectious disease is occurring globally at a higher rate than usual, it may
be designated as a - ANS- pandemic
What is a benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue called? - ANS- Lipoma
What are malignant neoplasms arising from connective tissue cells called? - ANSSarcomas
Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign tumor? - ANS- Cells appear
relatively normal
Which factor provides the basis for grading of newly diagnosed malignant tumors? -
ANS- Degree of differentiation of the cells
A warning sign of possible cancer would be any of the following EXCEPT: - ANSsudden development of fever, nausea, and diarrhea
The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass include - ANS- obstruction of
a tube or duct; cell necrosis and ulceration 1, 3
Which of the following does paraneoplastic syndrome refer to? - ANS- The effects of
substances such as hormones secreted by the tumor cells
Which term refers to the spread of malignant cells through blood and lymph to
distant sites? - ANS- Metastasis...
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