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INFECTION CONTROL (NHA) EXAM REVIEW LATEST UPDATE 2022

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INFECTION CONTROL (NHA) EXAM REVIEW LATEST UPDATE 2022 Antibiotic - ANS-a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms Aerobic - ANS-Process that requires oxygen Airborne precautions - ANS-used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei Anerobic - ANS-Process that does not require oxygen Aseptic - ANS-free from disease-causing microorganisms Asepsis - ANS-absence of significant contamination Biohazardous waste - ANS-items contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions Blood borne pathogens - ANS-Disease-causing organisms transferred through contact with blood or other body fluids Carriers - ANS-A human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not develop the infection Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - ANS-The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services. Chain of infection - ANS-factors that lead to the transmission or spread of disease (Pathogen/Infectious Agent, reservoir, Portal of Exit/Vector, Mode of Transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible Host) Contact precautions - ANS-practices used to prevent spread of disease by direct or indirect contact Communicable diseases - ANS-illnesses that are easily passed from one person to another Contagious disease - ANS-Able to be passed easily from one person to another. Contamination - ANS-the process of becoming unclean Disinfection - ANS-The process of destroying pathogens Direct contact - ANS-touching something with the pathogens present Droplet precautions - ANS-the act of wearing a mask when droplets could spread disease Goggles - ANS-to protect the eyes Gloves - ANS-personal protective equipment used to protect skin on hands from harmful germs Gowns - ANS-personal protective equipment used to protect skin and clothes from harmful germs Hand hygiene - ANS-performing hand washing, antiseptic hand wash, alcohol-based hand rub Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) - ANS-an infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given; the infection is related to receiving health care- also called nosocomial Hepatitis B virus - ANS-virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood Host - ANS-An organism on which a parasite lives. Immunity - ANS-the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells. Indirect contact - ANS-Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object. Infection - ANS-Contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms Infection prevention - ANS-the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease Infectious agent - ANS-a pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease Influenza - ANS-flu Localized infection - ANS-microbes enter the body and remains confined to a specific tissue Masks - ANS-personal protective equipment used to protect mouth and nose from harmful germs Medical asepsis - ANS-practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique Microorganisms - ANS-a microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus. CONTINUES...

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