AP World History Unit 1 and 2 Test Already Passed

AP World History Unit 1 and 2 Test Already Passed What are the five Confucian relationships? ✔✔Ruler-subject; father-son; elder brother- younger brother; husband-wife; friends-friends What is Filial Piety? ✔✔Respect ...

AP World History Unit 1 and 2 Test Already Passed What are the five Confucian relationships? ✔✔Ruler-subject; father-son; elder brother- younger brother; husband-wife; friends-friends What is Filial Piety? ✔✔Respect for your elders Elaborate on ancestor worship in Confucianism. ✔✔Families held rituals in honor of the dead who had passed into the spiritual world What is a dynasty? ✔✔A family of kings What is the scholar-gentry class? ✔✔This class is formed of the Shi's marriage to landowning aristocrats What is Legalism ✔✔This is a harsh philosophy where the military rules, and human nature is punished What is Dao? Daoism? ✔✔It is the way of nature; Taoism argues you must withdraw from life and contemplate this nature What are the secret societies in China? ✔✔Chinese peasant support groups for hard times and when they need protection What is Yin-Yang? ✔✔The idea of an opposite for everything What are monsoons? ✔✔Seasonal winds crossing Indian subcontinent and southeast Asia; during summer bring rains Who are the Aryans? ✔✔Indo-European nomadic pastoralists who replaced Harrapan civilization; militarized society What are the castes? Jatis? ✔✔Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra, and untouchables. Jatis were jobs within each caste Who are the untouchables? ✔✔Low social caste in Hindu culture; performed tasks that were considered polluting- street sweeping, removal of human waste, and tanning What are the Vedas ✔✔Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century BCE What is a person's Dharma? ✔✔The caste position and career determined by a person's birth; Hindu culture required that one accept one's social position and perform occupation to the best of one's ability in order to have a better situation in the next life What is Karma? ✔✔This is either a positive or negative influence on you depending on how well you carry out your dharma What is nirvana? ✔✔The Buddhist state of enlightenment; a state of tranquility What are the four noble truths? ✔✔Life is suffering, Suffering is caused by desire, To end suffering one must end desire, To end desire follow the eightfold path How would one reach Nirvana? ✔✔Through the eight fold path What is Brahma? ✔✔The basic holy essence What are the Upanishads? ✔✔Later books of the Vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by Brahmans to restore religious authority What is Zoroastrianism? ✔✔Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong, and that goodness would triumph in the end What is Hellenic culture? ✔✔Classical Greek culture What is Hellenistic culture? ✔✔The culture associated with the spread of Greek influence as a result of Macedonian conquest; often seen as the combination of Greek culture with eastern political forms Define Polis. ✔✔City-state form of government; typical of Greek political organization from 800 to 400 BCE What is Direct Democracy? ✔✔Where people participate directly in assemblies that make laws and select leaders, rather than electing representatives What is an Aristocracy? ✔✔A form of government ruled by a few rich people What is rationality? ✔✔Something based on or in accordance with reason What is a tyranny? ✔✔Similar to a dictatorship, rule by one all-powerful tyrant When is something a republic? ✔✔Supreme power is held by the elected president and elected peoples Who were Patricians? ✔✔Rich Romans Who were Plebeians? ✔✔Poor Romans Define clientage. ✔✔Patron: someone of higher status who supports lower status financially, etc. In return client respects their patron. Some patrons have a hundred clients What is natural law? ✔✔The morally right action is the one that follows the dictates of nature What is Kush? ✔✔A shortlived empire located at the upper nile that reached it's height when conquering egypt. They were replaced by Axum