Rasmussen College NUR 2474 pharm mod 1 Test questions with 100% Correct Answers.

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Rasmussen College NUR 2474 pharm mod 1 Test questions with 100% Correct Answers. Module 1 pharmacology QUIZIZZ QUESTIONS The healthcare provider prescribes a medication that is renally eliminate ... d for a patient with acute renal failure. The nurse recognizes that the patient is at risk for which altered drug response? a.Increased tolerance to the medication b.Development of drug toxicity c.Decreased drug levels in the blood d.Increased drug excretion b.Development of drug toxicity The nurse is teaching a patient prescribed felodipine [Plendil] for the treatment of hypertension. Which statement is the most appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session? a.“Avoid grapefruit juice while you are taking this medication.” b.“Herbal agents can help this drug work more effectively.” c.“Do not eat foods high in tyramine such as aged cheese." d.“This drug is free of dangerous drug interactions.” a.“Avoid grapefruit juice while you are taking this medication.” Why does the nurse administer naloxone to a d.Naloxone prevents the activation of opioidpatient receiving morphine sulfate who has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute? a.Naloxone is a partial agonist, requiring a lesser dose to achieve pain relief. b.Naloxone is an agonist, leading to desensitization of the opioid receptors. c.Naloxone causes hypersensitivity of the opioid receptors. d.Naloxone prevents the activation of opioid receptors. receptors. A nurse prepares to administer acetaminophen [Tylenol] to a patient with an oral temperature of 101.7°F. Which preparation would the nurse expect to have the most rapid onset of action? a.Tylenol gel caps b.Tylenol capsules c.Tylenol elixir d.Tylenol tablets c.Tylenol elixir The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of penicillin. Before administering the medication, the nurse assesses the patient’s allergy history. Which aspect of drug therapy does this represent? a.Identifying high-risk patients b.Ensuring proper dosage c.Making PRN (as needed) decisions d.Evaluating therapeutic effects a.Identifying high-risk patients A nursing student is caring for a patient who has been taking morphine sulfate for pain for 2 weeks. The nursing student shows an understanding of pharmacodynamic tolerance b.“It is a condition in which the patient requires increased doses of morphine sulfate to achieve pain relief.”by describing it to the instructor in what way? a.“It is a form of tolerance that is a reduction in drug responsiveness brought on by repeated dosing over a short period.” b.“It is a condition in which the patient requires increased doses of morphine sulfate to achieve pain relief.” c.“It is a drug response caused by psychologic factors, not by biochemical or physiological properties.” d.“It affects the minimum effective concentration.” Which statements about over-the-counter (OTC) drugs would the nurse identify as true? (Select all that apply.) a.The average home medicine cabinet contains eight OTC preparations. b.Most illnesses initially are treated with an OTC agent. c.More prescription drugs than OTC agents are administered each year in the United States. d.Forty percent of Americans take at least one OTC drug every 2 days. e.Some drugs that originally were sold by prescription are now OTC. b.Most illnesses initially are treated with an OTC agent. d.Forty percent of Americans take at least one OTC drug every 2 days. e.Some drugs that originally were sold by prescription are now OTC. Which legislation sets rules for the manufacture and distribution of drugs considered to have the potential for abuse? a.Controlled Substances Act of 1970 b.Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 c.Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 d.Harris-Kefauver Amendments of 1962 a.Controlled Substances Act of 1970A diabetic patient is taught the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia with insulin use. The patient knows to eat fast-acting carbohydrates. This is an example of which goal? a.Managing toxicity b.Minimizing adverse interactions c.Promoting therapeutic effects d.Minimizing adverse effects d.Minimizing adverse effects The nurse is monitoring for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of assigned patients. Which patient is most at risk for the development of drug toxicity? a.A laboring 25-year-old woman with a positive Homans’ sign b.A 55-year-old woman with abnormal arterial blood gas values c.A 70-year-old woman with an elevated creatinine level d.A 30-year-old man admitted for altered mental status c.A 70-year-old woman with an elevated creatinine level The nurse is reading a genetic research study. The study discusses how genetic variants can directly affect the metabolism of clopidogrel [Plavix], reducing the antiplatelet response. The nurse understands reduced efficacy of clopidogrel can increase the risk of which cardiovascular event? (Select all that apply.) a.Palpitations b.Myocardial infarction c.Cancer d.Pulmonary embolism b.Myocardial infarction e.Strokee.Stroke The nurse is reviewing the laboratory value for a patient prescribed atorvastatin [Lipitor]. Which laboratory value is most useful for monitoring this drug? a.Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) b.Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) c.C-reactive protein (CRP) d.International normalized ratio (INR) b.Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) The nurse is preparing a staff education inservice about specific safety measures that reduce patient medication errors. Which measure improves safety for patients during care transition? a.Regional Medication Safety Program b.MEDWATCH program c.Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy d.Medication reconciliation d.Medication reconciliation The nurse is preparing to give a drug with certain properties. Which property of the drug is the most compelling indication that it should not be given? a.The drug is not effective for its intended purpose. b.The drug’s effects are reversible. c.The drug is difficult to administer. d.The drug produces an unwanted side effect. a.The drug is not effective for its intended purpose.The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing a respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute as a result of a large dose of pain medication. Which term most accurately describes this reaction? a.Toxicity b.Allergic reaction c.Idiosyncratic effect d.Side effect a.Toxicity The nurse is concerned with minimizing adverse drug-drug interactions for the patient. Which drug characteristic could result in the most serious consequences from a drug-drug interaction? a.Low therapeutic range b.Low potency c.First-pass effect d.High biologic half-life a.Low therapeutic range Which statement by the nursing student indicates a need for further instruction about drug selectivity? a.“Even though a drug is selective, it can produce nonselective results.” b.“Botulinum toxin is very selective and therefore very safe for administration.” c.“Selective drug action is made possible by many types of receptors in the body.” d.“The more selective a drug is, the fewer side effects it will produce.” b.“Botulinum toxin is very selective and therefore very safe for administration.” The nurse understands drug response varies from one individual to another. What are a.Ageexamples of individual variations? (Select all that apply.) a.Age b.Diet c.Genetic makeup d.Failure to take medication as prescribed e.Gender b.Diet c.Genetic makeup d.Failure to take medication as prescribed e.Gender The nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous (IV) medication. What is the minimum injection time to reduce the risk of harm to the patient? a.10 seconds b.30 seconds c.60 seconds d.30 minutes c.60 seconds Why is it important for drugs to have ease of administration? a.Greater chemical stability b.Less risk of side effects c.Greater likelihood of reversibility d.Fewer administration errors d.Fewer administration errors The nurse is preparing to give a medication for pain. The label states that the drug is “lipid soluble.” How soon should the nurse expect to observe the effects of the drug? a.Rapidly b.Unpredictably a.Rapidlyc.Variably d.Slowly When studying the effects of drugs in humans, the nurse is learning about what? a.Clinical pharmacology b.Effectiveness c.Pharmacology d.Therapeutics a.Clinical pharmacology - Tobacco Control Act (2009) would the nurse identify as true? (Select all that apply.) a.Marketing to youth is prohibited. b.Harmful additives are restricted. c.A gradual reduction of nicotine to nonaddictive levels is required. d.Purchasers of tobacco products must be age 21 years or older. e.All ingredients in tobacco products must be listed on the warning label. a.Marketing to youth is prohibited b.Harmful additives are restricted c.A gradual reduction of nicotine to nonaddictive levels is required e.All ingredients in tobacco products must be listed on the warning label Which nursing action results in the most common cause of fatal medication errors? a.Administering a drug intravenously (IV) instead of intramuscularly (IM)a.Administering a drug intravenously (IV) instead of intramuscularly (IM) b.Miscalculation of dosage c.Misreading of the healthcare provider’s handwriting d.Miscommunication of drug orders Before administrating the dosage of a prescribed medication, the nurse observes precipitation formation of the intravenous (IV) solution. What is the priority nursing action? a.Verify the prescription. b.Prepare another dose to administer. c.Check the expiration date of the drug. d.Discard the IV solution. d.Discard the IV solution The nursing student learns that not all drugs produce effects binding to a receptor. Which drugs do not act through receptors? a.Steroid hormones b.Analgesics c.Antihistamines d.Antacids d.Antacids The nurse should instruct a patient complaining of pain to do what to reduce fluctuations in drug levels? a.“Take pain medication around the clock at specified intervals and doses.” b.“Take pain medication at night before bed and avoid daytime dosing because of drowsiness.” a.“Take pain medication around the clock at specified intervals and doses.”c.“Take pain medication when the pain level reaches an 8 or 9 on a 1 to 10 scale.” d.“Take pain medication after breakfast and dinner to reduce stomach upset.” The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed Isoniazid for the treatment of tuberculosis. The nurse should assess for which signs and symptoms of drug-induced liver toxicity? (Select all that apply.) a.Clear urine b.Vomiting c.Nausea d.Malaise e.Jaundice b.Vomiting c.Nausea d.Malaise e.Jaundice The nurse is caring for a group of female patients receiving medication therapy. Which factor is of greatest concern with regard to drug therapy in these patients? a.Overall, women tend to be less compliant with medication therapy. b.Women tend to be caregivers and may not take time to care for themselves. c.Hormonal differences make managing drug therapy more difficult in most women. d.Most drug research has been carried out exclusively in male subjects. d.Most drug research has been carried out exclusively in male subjects When educating patients about their medications, the nurse includes information about which topics? (Select all that apply.) a.Symptoms of adverse effects a.Symptoms of adverse effects b.The duration of treatment c.What to do if a dose is missedb.The duration of treatment c.What to do if a dose is missed d.The method of drug storage e.Prescription of drug coverage d.The method of drug storage The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old boy who weighs 72 pounds. The healthcare provider should make the most precise dosage adjustments for this patient’s medications based on what? a.Body surface area b.Body mass index c.Body weight d.Body fat percentage a.Body surface area Which drug property is most enhanced by the presence of many different types of receptors throughout the body? a.Safety b.Potency c.Convenience d.Selectivity d.Selectivity The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed abacavir [Ziagen] to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To reduce the potential fatal hypersensitivity reaction, which recommendation is suggested prior to initiating abacavir drug therapy? a.Genetic screening b.Drug skin testing a.Genetic screeningc.Obtain liver function studies d.Administer a test dose A new graduate nurse preparing to administer medications knows that which of the following is required for a drug to move through the body? a.The ability to cross membranes b.Selectivity and effectiveness c.Development of an electric charge d.A transporter protein a.The ability to cross membranes A nurse is preparing to give an oral dose of drug X to treat a patient’s high blood pressure. After giving the drug, the nurse finds that it not only reduces the blood pressure without serious harmful effects, but it also causes the patient to have nausea and headache. Based on this information, which property of an ideal drug is this drug lacking? a.Selectivity b.Safety c.Ease of administration d.Effectiveness a.Selectivity Which is a true statement about new drug development in the United States? a.Development and testing of new drugs take about 3 to 5 years. b.The cost of developing a new drug is usually around $1 million. c.Randomized controlled trials are the best way to assess drug therapy. c.Randomized controlled trials are the best way to assess drug therapyd.About 50% of drugs undergoing clinical trials gain approval The nurse administers 100 mg of drug X by mouth. After the drug moves through the hepatic system, very little active drug is left in the general circulation as a result of what? a.Drug half-life b.First-pass effect c.Therapeutic range d.Plasma protein binding b.First-pass effect The nurse is obtaining a drug history for a patient admitted to the unit. The nurse obtains information about past and present health histories, currently used prescription drugs, behavioral factors, and use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. What other information does the nurse need to obtain? (Select all that apply.) a.Self-treatment with complementary and alternative drugs b.Highest level of education completed c.Use of herbal remedies d.Usual sleep patterns and disturbance e.Use of recreational drugs and substances a.Self-treatment with complementary and alternative drugs c.Use of herbal remedies e.Use of recreational drugs and substances The drug the nurse is about to give induces Pglycoprotein (PGP). Which outcome should the nurse expect when this drug is given with other drugs? a.Reduced drug elimination b.Increased levels of other drugs c.Reduced absorption of other drugs c.Reduced absorption of other drugsd.Increased side effects of other drugs Which response would the nurse anticipate when giving two drugs that have a potentiative effect, such as meperidine and Phenergan? a.Increased pain relief b.Decreased itching c.Increased nausea and vomiting d.Increased alertness a.Increased pain relief The drug dobutamine acts as an agonist of norepinephrine (NE) receptors. Which effect is the nurse most likely to observe in a patient receiving this medication? a.Reduced cardiac output b.Increased heart rate c.Sinus bradycardia d.Atrioventricular heart block b.Increased heart rate The nurse is managing the care of a group of patients with cancer who will be receiving chemotherapy. The nurse defines goals, sets priorities, identifies interventions, and establishes criteria for evaluating success. Which phase of the nursing process does this represent? a.Implementation b.Planning c.Evaluation d.Assessment b.PlanningWhat is the objective of drug therapy? a.To provide total relief of symptoms regardless of harm b.To provide minimum benefit with maximum harm c.To provide as much benefit as possible d.To provide maximum benefit with minimal harm d.To provide maximum benefit with minimal harm N-acetyl-para-aminophenol is an example of which type of drug name? a.Proprietary b.Trade c.Chemical d.Generic c.Chemical What is a result of the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) of 1992? a.Controlled substances are categorized into schedules. b.Drugs for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) receive accelerated approval. c.More research is conducted on drug safety in children. d.New drugs reach the market sooner than ever before. d.New drugs reach the market sooner than ever before The nurse is preparing to administer a drug with a high therapeutic index. What does this mean about the drug? a.It is probably lethal. b.It is very potent. c.It is relatively safec.It is relatively safe. d.It has a low efficacy. Which aspect of drug therapy indicates to the nurse whether a drug is having a beneficial effect? a.Minimizing adverse effects b.Performing a preadministration assessment c.Evaluating therapeutic responses d.Managing toxicity c.Evaluating therapeutic responses The nurse understands that the dose-response relationship is graded and should expect to observe which response? a.Once a drug is given, the response is predictably all-or-nothing. b.The response is maintained at a specific level when the therapeutic objective is achieved. c.As the dosage increases, the response becomes progressively greater. d.A graded response is based on relative potency and maximal efficacy c.As the dosage increases, the response becomes progressively greater When studying the impact a drug has on the body, the nurse is reviewing what? a.The drug’s selectivity b.The drug’s predictability c.The drug’s pharmacodynamics d.The drug’s pharmacokinetics c.The drug’s pharmacodynamicsThe nurse prepares to give a drug that will prevent receptor activation. Which term would describe this drug? a.Agonist b.Selective c.Potent d.Antagonist d.Antagonist The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan to a patient prescribed phenobarbital and oral contraceptives which are known to induce CYP isoenzymes. What patient teaching should the nurse include in the discharge plan? a.“Plan to use another form of birth control while taking phenobarbital.” b.“Your dose of birth control pills will be reduced while you are taking phenobarbital.” c.“Continue taking your medications as prescribed.” d.“Condoms are not necessary while taking phenobarbital. It is not an antibiotic.” a.“Plan to use another form of birth control while taking phenobarbital For which reason should the nurse follow safe medication administration for intravenous (IV) medications? a.IV administration is irreversible. b.The IV route results in a delayed onset of action. c.The IV route can result in delayed absorption of the medication. d.Control over the levels of drug in the body is unpredictable. a.IV administration is irreversible The nurse should provide which teaching point c.“Swallow the tablet whole after double-when administering an enteric-coated oral tablet to a patient? a.“Break the tablet in half before swallowing.” b.“Chew the tablet before swallowing.” c.“Swallow the tablet whole after doublechecking the dose.” d.“Allow the tablet to be absorbed under the tongue.” checking the dose.” The nurse teaches a patient not to consume alcohol with nitroglycerine, because the blood pressure often drops significantly when nitroglycerine is taken with alcohol. Which drug property does this illustrate? a.Drug interaction b.Chemical instability c.Drug selectivity d.Reversible action a.Drug interaction When administering a central nervous system depressant, the nurse should closely observe for drug toxicity in which patient? a.A 12-year-old boy b.A 15-month-old infant c.A 3-week-old neonate d.A 25-year-old woman c.A 3-week-old neonate The nurse is preparing to administer a medication with the following order: “Aldomet 250 mg daily.” What should the nurse do? a.Administer the medication by mouth. b.Administer the medication as it was given last c.Verify the order with the prescribetime. c.Verify the order with the prescriber. d.Ask the patient how this medication is usually given. Which term is commonly used for nonprescription drugs? a.Over-the-counter b.Legend c.Generic - -- - - - - - - -- - - - [Show More]

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