Bio 201 Exam 4 {2020} – Straighterline | Bio201 Exam 4 – Straighterline

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Bio 201 Exam 4 {2020} – Straighterline Question 1 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text According to current scientific thinking, true multicellular organisms Selec... t one: a. cannot be traced to any existing or fossil intermediate stages; thus, there is no current scientific theory for the process that generated multicellular organisms from unicellular ancestors b. descend from several different kinds of unicellular protists, which became multicellular through specialization and cooperation among cells within a colony c. are all descended from a single colonial protist ancestor d. formed through the fusion of several separate species of unicellular protists, who carried out different complementary functions within the evolving organism Question 2 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The ________ are heterotrophic protists; ________ are photoautotrophic protists. 29) ______ Select one: a. Protozoans, plants b. Parasites, protozoans c. Protozoans, algae d. Mixotrophs, protozoans Question 3 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Rod shaped bacteria are called Select one: a. cocci b. spirochetes c. bacilli d. vibrios Question 4 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Eukaryotes are ________ prokaryotes. Select one: a. more ancient than b. more numerous than c. dependent upon d. more widespread than Question 5 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text There is a good chance you will eat carrageenan today and that you will eat nori at some point in your life, if you haven't already. In either case, you will be eating a product of Select one: a. brown algae b. green algae c. diatoms d. red algae Question 6 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Cyanobacteria Select one: a. are prokaryotes with plantlike oxygen generating photosynthesis b. are eukaryotes and are the earliest type of algae c. are chemoautotrophs d. are photosynthetic archaea Question 7 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Intestinal gas is evidence of active ________ in ones digestive tract. Select one: a. thermophiles b. halophiles c. methanogens d. yeast cultures Question 8 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The term for a close association between organisms of two or more species is Select one: a. associative living b. symbiosis c. colonialism d. interdependence Question 9 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text An unknown bacterial species is recovered from a sick patients digestive tract. It has a membrane outside the cell wall that contains toxic lipids. This observation indicates Select one: a. that the infection should be relatively easy to control with common antibiotics, because the pathogen is a gram negative species b. that the infection may be quite threatening and difficult to control, because the pathogen is a gram negative species c. that the infection may be quite threatening and difficult to control, because the pathogen is a gram positive species d. that the infection should be relatively easy to control with common antibiotics, because the pathogen is a gram positive species Question 10 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Unlike archaean and eukaryote cell walls, bacterial cell walls contain a unique substance called Select one: a. glycogen b. cellulose c. phospholipid d. peptidoglycan Question 11 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following causes food poisoning and typhoid fever? Select one: a. Clostridium botulinum b. Salmonella c. E. coli d. Bacillus anthracis Question 12 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following groups include organisms that are a key source of food in all aquatic environments and whose fossilized forms are used as a filter and as a grinding and polishing agent? Select one: a. amoebas b. diatoms c. brown algae d. dinoflagellates Question 13 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which two groups of protists produce hard mineralized skeletal structures or cell walls that contribute to marine sediments and form fossils? Select one: a. cellular slime molds and water molds b. green algae and brown algae c. foraminiferans and radiolarians d. dinoflagellates and diatoms Question 14 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Plasmodial slime molds Select one: a. are marine decomposers b. contain many nuclei in one mass of cytoplasm c. are primitive fungi d. are photoautotrophic Question 15 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In secondary endosymbiosis, a ________ became endosymbiotic in a ________. Select one: a. autotrophic eukaryotic protist, heterotrophic eukaryotic protist b. autotrophic prokaryote, heterotrophic eukaryotic protist c. heterotrophic prokaryote, autotrophic eukaryotic protist d. heterotrophic eukaryotic protist, autotrophic heterotrophic protist Question 16 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements about archaea is false? Select one: a. Some archaea are adapted to extreme environments such as extremely salty or extremely hot habitats b. Archaea are abundant in the oceans c. Some archaea have mitochondria like those of eukaryotic cells d. Some archaea live in the digestive tracts of cattle Question 17 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Chemoautotrophic bacteria obtain their carbon from ________ and their energy from ________. Select one: a. methane, sunlight b. CO2, sunlight c. CO2, reactions involving inorganic chemicals d. organic molecules, sunlight Question 18 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Evidence for the relatively close relationship of archaea to eukaryotes includes Select one: a. the absence of introns from genes in both groups b. the fact that both contain circular DNA without histones c. the presence of peptidoglycan in the cell walls of both groups d. the fact that both have several kinds of relatively complex RNA polymerases Question 19 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Prokaryotic cell walls function Select one: a. as a site of metabolic reactions, photosynthesis and cellular respiration b. to promote flexibility and formation of pseudopodia c. to propel cells d. to prevent the cell from bursting in a hypotonic environment Question 20 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The three diseases that represent high priority threats as biological weapons today are Select one: a. anthrax, plague, and botulinum toxin b. anthrax, smallpox, and Thiobacillus. c. smallpox, influenza, and typhus d. syphilis, Chlamydia, and HIV. Question 21 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text A bacterium living in an underground septic tank thrives by absorbing organic compounds from decomposing wastes. What is it? Select one: a. a chemoautotroph b. a photoheterotroph c. a chemoheterotroph d. a photoautotroph Question 22 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following options lists the events of protist evolution in the correct order, according to current science? Select one: a. Chloroplasts and then mitochondria evolved through primary endosymbiosis; later, algae were incorporated into several other groups of protists through secondary endosymbiosis b. Mitochondria and then chloroplasts evolved through primary endosymbiosis; later, algae were incorporated into several other groups of protists through secondary endosymbiosis c. Mitochondria and then chloroplasts evolved through primary endosymbiosis; later, protozoans were incorporated into several other groups of protists through secondary endosymbiosis d. Mitochondria evolved through primary endosymbiosis; chloroplasts then evolved through secondary endosymbiosis Question 23 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Dinoflagellates are best described as Select one: a. large, multicellular algae that resemble plants but do not have true leaves, stems, or roots b. marine and freshwater algae that can produce harmful red tides c. parasitic protozoans that must spend part of their life cycles in vertebrate hosts d. protozoans that use cilia to move and feed Question 24 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following options correctly pairs a structure with its function in prokaryote cells? Select one: a. flagella = feeding appendages b. capsule = rigid protective structure enclosing cell c. fimbriae = help prokaryotes stick to each other and to surfaces d. endospore = food digestion vacuole Question 25 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The use of prokaryotes and other organisms to clean up pollutants from soil, air, or water is called ________. Select one: a. decomposition b. nitrogen fixation c. biocomposting d. bioremediation Question 1 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text A mushroom Select one: a. is composed of many threadlike filaments called mycorrhizae b. is specialized to obtain most of the nutrients for the fungal mycelium c. is an above-ground reproductive structure connected to a mycelium d. is an independent stage in the alternation of generations of the fungal life cycle Question 2 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The ripened ovary of a flower, which is adapted to disperse seeds, is called a Select one: a. sporangium b. casing c. ovule d. fruit Question 3 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In a moss, most of the plants that we see are ________, while in a fern the most dominant stage is the ________. Select one: a. sporophytes, sporophyte b. sporophytes, gametophyte c. gametophytes, sporophyte d. gametophytes, gametophyte Question 4 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which part of the life cycle does a pollen grain represent? Select one: a. a spore b. a sperm cell c. a male sporophyte d. a male gametophyte Question 5 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Fungal diseases common in ________ include ________ and ________. Select one: a. animals; smuts;. chytrids b. plants; smuts; rusts c. plants; ringworm; coccidioidomycosis d. humans; rusts; vaginal yeast Question 6 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Red maples and other wind-pollinated plants invest relatively little in producing ________, but must invest a great deal in producing ________ to achieve good pollination rates. Select one: a. pollen, showy or scented flowers b. floral scents, showy petals c. showy or scented flowerS, massive amounts of pollen d. seeds, massive amounts of pollen Question 7 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text One of the factors that help animal-pollinated flowering plants transfer pollen to plants of the same species is Select one: a. pollinators are able to rapidly extract nectar from any species of flower, regardless of the pollinators' past or recent experience with a given flower type b. each species of pollinator typically visits flowers of one and only one plant species c. many pollinators have limited learning capacities and are most successful at obtaining food if they continue to visit the same type of flower after learning how to extract its nectar d. most pollinators broadly use many different types of flowers Question 8 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The loss of plant biodiversity, including the wild relatives of crop species, is harmful because these wild relatives Select one: a. may be suitable for domestication and regional production b. are often tastier than existing crops c. feed most of the world's population d. are a source of genetic diversity that could be used to modify or bolster existing crops Question 9 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Some of the unique adaptations of angiosperms include their beneficial relationships with ________ and their relatively ________. Select one: a. animals, rapid fertilization and seed production b. animals, well developed vascular system c. animals, large sporophyte d. fungi, well developed vascular system Question 10 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In plants, the vascular tissue made of dead cells that transport water and minerals from the roots is called Select one: a. transport tissue b. meristem c. phloem d. xylem Question 11 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text To cross fertilize flowers A and B, one would first remove flower As immature ________ and later transfer pollen from flower B to flower As ________. Select one: a. stamens, stigma b. stigma, style c. carpel, ovule d. anthers, stamen Question 12 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The dominant stage of the moss life cycle is the Select one: a. gametangium b. pollen c. gametophyte d. sporophyte Question 13 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements regarding fungi is false? Select one: a. Fungi can only break down plant material b. The first antibiotic discovered came from a fungus c. Fungi are important decomposers in ecosystems d. The distinctive flavor of certain cheeses is due to fungi Question 14 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text A cocklebur is dispersed by ________, whereas most fleshy, edible fruits are eaten by animals that ________. Select one: a. hitching rides on animals; defecate the intact seeds b. water currents; defecate the intact seeds c. wind; fully digest the fruits, including the seeds, which are killed d. hitching rides on animals; fully digest the fruits, including the seeds, which are killed Question 15 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which structure is found in angiosperms but not gymnosperms? Select one: a. fruit b. seeds c. spores d. ovule Question 16 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Gas exchange in most land plants occurs through structures called Select one: a. spiracles b. cuticles c. stomata d. gas pores Question 17 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The ________ is the protective chamber that houses the ovule and later matures to become the fruit. Select one: a. stigma b. carpel c. ovary d. sepals Question 18 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text About 95% of all modern plant species Select one: a. have flagellated sperm. b. have a dominant sporophyte in their life cycle c. have a gametophyte adapted to house a sporophyte stage d. have no gametophyte Question 19 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The intimate, mutually beneficial association formed between a fungus and the root of a plant is called a Select one: a. ingrowth b. hypha c. mycelium d. mycorrhiza Question 20 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Most familiar types of mushrooms, along with puffballs and shelf fungi, are Select one: a. basidiomycetes b. ascomycetes c. zygomycetes d. chytrids Question 1 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text New growth that increases stem length on a plant arises mainly from Select one: a. the base of the stem b. apical meristems c. the tips of leaves d. the vascular cambium Question 2 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following flower parts produces female gametophytes? Select one: a. stigmas b. sepals c. anthers d. ovules Question 3 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In general, plant dermal tissues are found Select one: a. throughout the plant body b. at the outer surface of a plant c. lining the vascular tissue d. near the center of the plant stems and roots Question 4 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a function of tracheids? Select one: a. water conduction b. photosynthesis c. production of sex cells d. food storage Question 5 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text What is the difference between the heartwood and sapwood of a tree? Select one: a. Heartwood no longer transports water and minerals, while sapwood still conducts xylem sap b. Heartwood contains xylem and sapwood contains phloem c. Sapwood contains xylem and heartwood contains phloem d. Heartwood contains old phloem that no longer functions, and sapwood contains functioning phloem Question 6 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following plant parts commonly contributes to asexual reproduction? Select one: a. roots b. flowers c. fruits d. seeds Question 7 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The genetically identical organisms that result from asexual reproduction are called Select one: a. seeds b. clones c. rootlets d. seedlings Question 8 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text A vascular cambium cell divides to produce an inner and an outer daughter cell. Which of the following represents the probable fate of these cells? Select one: a. The inner cell will differentiate into xylem, and the outer cell will divide again b. The inner cell will differentiate into phloem, and the outer cell will differentiate into xylem c. Both cells continue to divide to produce wood d. Both cells will continue to divide without differentiating into specialized cells Question 9 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following cells provide flexible support to the growing parts of plants? Select one: a. sclerenchyma cells b. collenchyma cells c. sieve tube elements d. parenchyma cells Question 10 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Bark consists of Select one: a. cork only b. functioning xylem, secondary phloem, cork cambium, and cork c. secondary phloem, cork cambium, and cork d. cork cambium and cork Question 11 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is false? Select one: a. The layers of an onion are actually modified leaves b. A carrot is an example of a taproot c. Stalks of celery are the petioles of the plant d. White potatoes are modified plant roots Question 12 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text While cleaning out the attic, you find a packet of seeds that your grandmother gathered from her garden. You plant them outside, and some of them sprout. What was the condition of these germinating seeds while they were in the attic? Select one: a. The endosperm cells were dead; the embryo cells were alive but inactive b. They were alive and very metabolically active c. They were alive but dormant d. They were dead, but the embryo cells revived in response to water Question 13 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text A woody plant lives through five years of drought, followed by five years of good growing conditions. The ring of xylem cells formed during the five good years will Select one: a. be living, whereas those formed during the drought years will be dead b. be thinner than those formed during the drought years c. conduct a higher ratio of sugar to water than those formed during the drought years d. be thicker than those formed during the drought years Question 14 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text If you carve your initials in the trunk of a tree, will they move up as the tree grows? Select one: a. No, because elongation occurs just below the tips of growing stems in the apical meristems b. Yes, because a tree elongates from the ground up c. Yes, because growth continues in all parts of a plant throughout its life d. Yes, because secondary growth will cause them to move up Question 15 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The growth that pushes a root down through the soil takes place through Select one: a. differentiation of xylem cells in the apical meristem b. cell division in the apical meristem c. cell elongation behind the root tip d. cell elongation at the tip of the root cap Question 16 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Monocot floral parts usually occur in multiples of Select one: a. three b. four c. five d. two Question 17 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Most angiosperms are dicots and most dicots are Select one: a. gymnosperms b. cycads c. mosses d. eudicots Question 18 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In a showy flower such as a magnolia or rose, the flower parts that play the main role in attracting the notice of animal pollinators are the Select one: a. sepals b. petals c. fruits d. stigmas Question 19 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a function of fruits? Select one: a. pollen dispersal b. attracting pollinators c. seed dispersal d. production of food for the developing embryo Question 20 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Sieve tube elements are plant cells that are part of a plant tissue called Select one: a. phloem b. sclereids c. tracheids d. xylem Question 1 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Carnivorous plants are more likely to grow in acid bogs because Select one: a. acid soil inhibits growth of plant roots b. organic matter decays so slowly there c. acid rain damages leaves and stems d. mycorrhizal growth is inhibited Question 2 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Where do plants get most of their mass? Select one: a. from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere b. from organic molecules taken up from the soil c. from water, as van Helmont predicted d. from nitrogen in the atmosphere Question 3 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text A hot, dry summer will reduce crop yields in part because Select one: a. carbon dioxide uptake is reduced by the stomata closing to prevent excessive water loss b. oxygen uptake is reduced by the stomata closing to prevent excessive water loss c. the stomata of the plants stay open to help cool the leaves d. carbon dioxide release is reduced by the stomata closing to prevent excessive water loss Question 4 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a potential problem with the use of transgenic varieties of plants that contain Bt toxin? Select one: a. Transgenic crop varieties with Bt toxin are not very hardy and require a lot of care b. Bt toxin may be harmful to some beneficial insects c. Bt toxin may be harmful to humans d. Transgenic crop varieties with Bt toxin require large amounts of fertilizers and chemical insecticides to grow Question 5 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The ________ increase the surface area of roots. Select one: a. Cell walls and endoplasmic reticulum b. Plasmodesmata c. Root hairs d. Casparian strips Question 6 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following options correctly lists the sequence of structures through which water passes into a root? Select one: a. root hair, cortex, xylem, endodermis b. root hair, xylem, endodermis, phloem c. guard cell, endodermis, cortex, xylem d. epidermis, cortex, endodermis, xylem Question 7 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text How do sugars move from one sieve-tube cell to the next? Select one: a. by diffusion through a companion cell that spans the sieve plate b. by active transport across cell membranes at the sieve plate c. by flowing along with water through perforations in the sieve plate d. by osmotic diffusion through the sieve plate Question 8 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Much research is being done to increase the nitrogen-fixing ability of plants with root nodules. Why is this an important goal for agricultural researchers? Select one: a. Increasing the nitrogen-fixing ability of plants will allow them to make better use of nitrogen fertilizers b. Decreasing the size of nodules will allow plants to fix more nitrogen into their own molecules c. Nitrogen is an essential component of the amino acids used to form protein d. By removing the bacteria from the root nodules, more fixed nitrogen will be available to the plants Question 9 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Legumes are frequently grown in rotation with primary field crops. What is the benefit in this? Select one: a. Legumes decrease the amount of organic material in the soil b. A greater amount of the primary crop can be harvested each year c. Nitrogen is added to the soil because of the legumes' symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria d. Soil erosion is reduced by frequent plowing Question 10 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following options best describes the mechanism that causes a stoma to open? Select one: a. K ion activates water pumps in the guard cell membrane that make them turgid b. Loss of K ion from guard cells creates positive pressure and expands the guard cells c. K ion leaves the guard cells and water follows passively, making the cells flaccid d. K ion enters the guard cells and water follows passively, making the cells turgid Question 11 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The two main forces that move water through a plant are Select one: a. transpiration and root pressure b. transpiration and pressure flow c. active transport and cohesion d. root pressure and photosynthesis Question 12 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Carnivorousness in plants is primarily an adaptation for Select one: a. discouraging herbivorous insects b. growing in soil poor in organic material c. obtaining supplemental carbon for photosynthesis d. growing in soil poor in usable nitrogen Question 13 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The relationship between a plant and mycorrhizal fungi is best described as Select one: a. mutualistic b. competitive c. commensal d. parasitic Question 14 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following are important in breaking down organic material in fertile topsoil? Select one: a. plant roots b. bacteria and fungi c. humus and cations d. abrasive granite particles Question 15 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Commercial inorganic fertilizers have greatly increased agricultural productivity. Which of the following is an advantage of using inorganic rather than organic fertilizers? Select one: a. Nutrients are released faster from inorganic fertilizers b. Inorganic nutrients bind more tightly to soil particles c. Inorganic fertilizers increase the water-holding capacity of the soil d. It is easier for plants to absorb nutrients in an inorganic form Question 16 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text In the water relations of vascular plants, the cohesive property of water is most important in the Select one: a. epidermis b. xylem c. internal air spaces d. stomata Question 17 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text The loss of water from the leaves of plants is Select one: a. transpiration b. osmosis c. cohesion d. adhesion Question 18 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Micronutrients function in plants mainly as Select one: a. cofactors in chemical reactions b. regulators of membrane transport c. food reserves for pollen grains d. joining elements in organic molecule carbon skeletons Question 19 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text What is the role of the fungus in a mycorrhizal association? Select one: a. absorption of water, phosphate, and other minerals b. release of water c. secretion of growth factors d. contributes to photosynthesis Question 20 Correct 1.00 points out of 1.00 Flag question Question text Under which of the following weather conditions would transpiration be most rapid? Select one: a. hot, dry weather b. hot, humid weather c. cold, humid weather d. windy, wet weather [Show More]

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