FSU ANT2301: Exam 1 (Thomas FA17)

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FSU ANT2301: Exam 1 (Thomas FA17) What is anthropology? - ✔✔the study of human beings anthropos means? - ✔✔human being logia means? - ✔✔study of What are the subfields of anthropology? ... - ✔✔Archeological, Cultural, Linguistic, Physical (Biological) *NO F*CKING DINOSAURS* What is Cultural Anthropology? - ✔✔- The study of cultures and societies of human beings and their very recent past. - Traditional cultural anthropologists study living cultures and present their observations in an ethnography. What is Archaeology? - ✔✔The study of past societies and their cultures, especially the material remains of the past, such as tools, food remains, and places where people lived. What is Linguistic Anthropology? - ✔✔The study of language, especially how language is structured, evolution of language, and the social and cultural contexts for language. What is Physical Anthropology? - ✔✔- A.k.a biological anthropology - The study of human evolution and variation, both past and current. Evolutionary Theory? - ✔✔tries to explain human biology (anatomy, brains, psychology, behavior...) through evolution and natural selection. Evolutionary biology shows that the human genotype is the result of? - ✔✔those ancestors who reproduced with greater frequency than others Current behavior is probably a result of? - ✔✔selective forces that occurred in the Pleistocene Naturalistic fallacy - ✔✔- the error deriving what ought to be from what is - creating an evolutionary explanation of a behavior in humans does not justify the behavior or make it universal Genetic determinism - ✔✔- idea that behavior is unalterable, programmed, and unchangeable - this idea is untrue; we are not saying that because a behavior may be selected for, it is inevitable or acceptable. What is sexuality? - ✔✔- how people experience and express themselves as sexual beings Biological, Social and Philosophic aspects of sexuality - ✔✔- biological: encompass sexual intercourse and sexual contact in all its forms - social: covers the cultural, political and legal aspects - philosophic: spans the moral, ethical, theological, spiritual or religious aspects Prehistoric Sexuality - ✔✔earliest evidence appears after the increase in symbolic thought accompanying early modern humans ex. Venus of Willendorf, Hohle-Fels (thicc statues w/ big titties) Ancient Mediterranean Sexuality - ✔✔- concept of what activities and sensations are "sexual" is historically determined - in ancient writings and art accounts of: STDs, Menstruation, Circumcision, Contraception. The Hebrews (1000 - 200 BC) - ✔✔Hebrew Bible had rules about sexual behavior, tales of sexual misconduct, tales of marital love, acknowledges the importance sexuality in marital relations The Greeks (1000 - 200 BC) - ✔✔- Distinguish between love and sex (Aphrodite/Eros) - One of the few major civilizations to institutionalize gays (Pederasty) - Men and the male form were idealized (everyone loved some dick) The Romans (500 BC - AD 700) - ✔✔- marriage and sexual relations were viewed as a means to improve one's economic/social standing - few restrictions regarding sexuality India (Beginning about 400 BC) - ✔✔- Hinduism (karma) - Patriarchal social system - Kama Sutra (sex, love, family) China (Beginning about 200 BC) - ✔✔- Tao (yin & yang) - sexuality is a natural procreative process - Yin and yang equally necessary, therefore men and women more equal - Polygamy Moche, Peru (100 - 800 AD) - ✔✔- [Show More]

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