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ATI Pharmacology Study Guide (notes/summary) complete, A+ Guide

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ATI Pharmacology Study Guide (notes/summary) complete, A+ Guide-Pharmacology for Nursing Video 1(Introduction, General tips): • SKIP Chapter 5 and Chapter 3 (drug math) 1. You NEED to know the gen... eric names of all drugs…brand names will not always be on test 2. “common side effects” go with Headaches or GI upset not anything serious like bleeding. 3. Know side effects of prednisone (steroid): weight gain, fluid retention, hypoglycemia, bone less etc. 4. Herbs that start with the letter “G” (garlic, ginger) all can increase risk of BLEEDING. 5. Medications that end in MAB or NIB are typically immune suppressants that are used to treat cancers or autoimmune disorders…big thing to watch out for is INFECTION. 6. Patients should never discontinue their medications suddenly Never double up on doses if you miss a dose 7. Antibiotics: entire course of therapy should be taken and culture should be done before starting 8. Alcohol is not okay with most meds. 9. You cannot chew or crush extensive release drugs. Video 2 and 3: Pharmacokinetics: 1. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (absorption is dependent on route; is there food in their stomach?; etc.) 1. Inhalation and sublingual are very fast. IV is immediate. 1. Digestion: albumin is needed for binding. 2. Metabolism: higher risk of toxicity in infants because their livers are not mature. Metabolism will be slower in older adults which will also lead to toxicity. 2. First pass effect of liver-Higher dose is needed on first dose to get a therapeutic effect. 3. Certain medications have a high therapeutic index meaning toxic level and therapeutic index are far off. Low TI level means its very close to toxic range. 4. Half life: time it takes for the strength of the medication to be cut in half. Longer half life=increase risk of toxicity. 5. Agonist: is used to enable an action. 6. Antagonist: like naloxone, is used to reverse that action. 7. Mix meds with applesauce so they can finish the whole thing and get all their meds. 8. Advice patients to sit upright. 9. PATCHES (transdermal): wash skin with soap and water, dry thoroughly, remove old patch before putting new patch, rotate patches, and choose a hairless area to apply patch. 10. For meds in EYES, pull down conjunctiva and put one drop in aseptically. 11. For meds in EARS, have them lie on unaffected side, put drop, and move auricle. 12. Meds through GI TUBE..flush with 15ml with sterile water both before and after. 13. Meds through SUPPOSITORY. Lay on their side. Push meds past external sphincter for 20-30 minutes and 60 minutes for systemic absorption. 14. INHALER (MDI/DPI inhaler) Shake inhaler 5-6 times, Press inhaler and take a deep breath, hold breath for 10 seconds before exhaling. 15. IM injections…for under 2years old, you're going to use vastus lateralis. After 2, use ventral gluteal site or deltoid site. Vastus and gluteal can accommodate 2ml of fluid. Deltoid can take only 1ml. Need a needle length 1-1.5 inches long—>inject at a 90 degree angle. 16. SubQ: 45 degrees to 90 degrees. 17. IV: 20 gauge are standard. Surgery [Show More]

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