Parts of the medical his- tory include:
1. chief complaint
2. history of present illness (HPI)
3. past, family and social history (PFSH)
4. review of systems (ROS)
2. Define chief complaint what brings the
...
Parts of the medical his- tory include:
1. chief complaint
2. history of present illness (HPI)
3. past, family and social history (PFSH)
4. review of systems (ROS)
2. Define chief complaint what brings the patient in to see the physician
3. Define history of present illness (HPI)
4. Define past medical his- tory
explanation of the chief complaint to determine:
1. onset of illness
2. associated symptoms
3. what the patient has done to treat the illness
1. all health problems
2. major illnesses
3. surgeries
4. current medications complete with reasons for taking them
5. allergies
5. Define family history summary of health problems of siblings, parents
and other blood relatives
6. Define social history Includes:
1. marital status
2. occupation
3. educational attainment
4. hobbies
5. use of alcohol/tobacco/drugs
6. lifestyles
7. Define review of systems orderly and systematic check of each organ and
system of the boy by questions.
8. What are the 3 vital signs that are necessary for life?
9. What are the four vital signs of body function?
1. temperature
2. respiration
3. heart function (blood pressure)
1. temperature
2. pulse
10. What is the normal range of body temperature?
3. respiration
4. blood pressure 96.6-100.6 F
11. Define body temperature the balance between heat production and heat
loss
12. Body temperature is reg- ulated by what struc- ture?
13. Site for most accurate body temperature
14. Least accurate site for body temperature
the hypothalamus
Rectum Axillary
15. 3 types of fever 1. Intermittent
2. Remittent
3. Continuous
16. Define intermittent fever fluctuating fever that returns to or below baseline then rises again
17. Define remittent fever fluctuating fever that remains elevated: it does not
return to baseline temperature
18. Define continuous fever a fever that remains constant above the baseline:
it does not fluctuate
19. Which is the most com- mon site for tempera- tures
20. In patients who have just finished eating, drinking, or smoking, how long
oral
30 minutes
should you wait before taking a temperature
21. Patients with heart dis- ease should not have which temperature tak- en?
rectal
22. Normal pulse range 60-100 bpm
23. Most accurate pulse apical pulse
24. Normal respiratory range 12 to 20 per minute in adults
25. 3 respiratory rate abnor- malities
1. apnea
2. tachypnea
3. bradypnea
26. Define apnea temporary complete absence of breathing which
may be a result of a reduction in the stimuli to the respiratory centers of the brain
27. Define tachypnea respiration rate of greater than 40/minute. It is
transient in the newborn and maybe caused by hysteria in the adult
28. Define bradypnea decrease in the number of respirations. This oc-
curs during sleep, or certain diseases.
29. Define respiratory rhythm
30. 2 abnormal respiratory rythms
31. Define Cheyenne-Stokes breathing rate
32. Define orthopnea
refers to the pattern of breathing. Can vary
with age: infants have an irregular rhythm, while adults have regular.
1. Cheyenne-Stokes
2. Orthopnea
a regular pattern of irregular breathing rate
33. Patient position when the head is 90 degrees up- right
34. Define depth of respira- tion
35. Name 2 abnormalities in the depth of respiration
difficulty or inability to breathe unless in the up- right position
high-Fowler's position
the amount of air that is inspired and expired during each respiration
1. hypoventilation
2. hyperventilation
36. Define hypoventilation state in which reduced amount of air enters the
lungs resulting in decreased oxygen level and increased carbon dioxide level in blood. It can be due to breathing that is too shallow, or too slow, or due to diminished lung function
37. Define hyperpnea abnormal increase in the depth and rate of breathing
38. define hyperventilation state in which there is an increased amount of air
entering the lungs
39. Define blood pressure the amount of force exerted by the blood on the
peripheral arterial walls
40. How is blood pressure expressed
41. The appropriate width of a cuff is what?
42. The appropriate length of the cuff is what?
43. If the blood pressure cuff is too short or narrow,
mm of Hg
40% of the circumference of the limb 80% of the circumference of the limb false high readings
how does this effect bp
readings?
44. The bp cuff is centered brachial
over which artery
45. What is the location of 2.5cm above
the bp cuff in relation to
the anticubital crease?
46. If the brachial artery is false high
far below the heart lev-
el, how will this effect the
blood pressure
47. If the brachial artery is false low
far above heart level, how
will this effect the blood
pressure reading
48. What is the most com- brachial artery
mon artery to use for
blood pressure?
49. How high should the bp 30mm Hg
cuff be inflated above the
palpatory systolic pres-
sure
50. What is the rate of re- 2 to 3mm Hg per second
lease of pressure when
taking a bp?
51. When to you take the the level at which you hear the sounds of at least
systolic bp? two consecutive beats
52. When do you take the di- When beats disappear
astolic bp?
53.
What are the 7 common errors in blood pressure measurements?
54. Define anthropometric measurements
55. Why is length used
in anthropometric mea-
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