Medical Studies > STUDY GUIDE > University of Texas, Dallas - NSC 4363Exam 2 - Copy (All)

University of Texas, Dallas - NSC 4363Exam 2 - Copy

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Signal Transduction (cont.)  Guanylyl Cyclase and cGMP o In this case, GC is being activated instead of AC o It makes cGMP instead of CAMP o Cyclic compound is different o Turning it on is dif... ferent as well o Gs proteins only activate AC, not GC o NO activates GC, normally the soluble one o There is also GC bound to membrane o Body can make NO by itself without nitroglycerin o Use Arginine and make NO using enzyme called NO synthase (NOS) o Receptors up top can have proteins bind o All making soluble GMP, but the soluble one (GC) is the only one being regulated (activated) by nitric oxide o Arginine makes Nitric oxide using NOS o NOS activated by calmodulin o Calmodulin is calcium activated (sensitive) o Calcium comes through channel or somewhere else o Calcium binds to calmodulin o This bound form activates NOS which converts arginine to NO o This activates soluble GC which makes cGMP o Controls visual system (rhodopsin), etc.  Breakdown of cAMP/cGMP o Drugs are there to target these processes seen above o Break down cGMP using phosphodiesterases o Only talking about a couple, but there are a lot more o Sildenafil – inhibit PDE 5  Very widely used o Caffeine – non-specific  Affects a lot of different things  Also affects adenosine  Caffeine similar to theophylline (in chocolate and tea) o Which of the following could most likely explain a change in visual color perception in patients taking sildenafil (Viagra)?  Unsafe drop in blood pressure  Off-target inhibition of PDEVI in cones in retina  Also taking nitrates for chest [Show More]

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