Biology > Class Notes > Southern Methodist University - BIOL 3350Chapter 16 cell bio note (All)

Southern Methodist University - BIOL 3350Chapter 16 cell bio note

Document Content and Description Below

Chapter 16 04/24/2015 General principles of cell signaling Information can come in a variety of forms and communication frequently involves converting the signal that carry that information ... from one form to another = the process is called signal transduction. In typical communication between cells, the signaling cell produces a type of extracellular signal that is detected by the target cell. Most animals can send and receive signals and therefore can act as both signaling cells and target cells. Target cells possess proteins called receptors that recognize and respond specifically to the signal molecule. Signal transduction begins when the receptor on the target cell receives an incoming extracellular signal and converts it to the intracellular signaling molecules that alter cell behavior. Cell signaling- signal reception and transduction. Signals can act over a long or short range: Signal molecules can be proteins, peptides, amino acids, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases. 1. The most “public” style of cell to cell communication involves broadcasting the signal throughout the whole body by secreting into an animals bloodstream or a plants sap. Extracellular signal molecules used in this way are called hormones. The cells that produce hormones are called endocrine cells. Pancreas- is a endocrine gland that produces several hormones- ex. Insulin- which regulates glucose uptake in cells all over the body. 2. Less public is a process known as paracrine signaling- rather than entering the bloodstream, the signal molecules diffuse locally through the extracellular fluid, remaining in the neighborhood of the cell that secretes th [Show More]

Last updated: 3 years ago

Preview 1 out of 15 pages

Buy Now

Instant download

We Accept: