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Metabolism of Muscle Tissue

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Metabolism of Muscle Tissue  Chemical energy in the body is obtained via metabolism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP).  If the energy requirement is short-term, t... he ADP is converted back to ATP. However, this process is too slow to keep up with energy demands during long-term and intensive exercise, thus consumption of other fuels is necessary.  Muscle tissue consumes significant amount of nutrients and oxygen.  However, this depends on how intensively the muscle is working. For instance, during intense exercise, aerobic metabolism in the muscles account for 60 % of total oxygen consumption. Muscle cells are also capable of functioning for a long period of time without oxygen (anaerobic metabolism) 1 The main sources of fuel for muscles are carbohydrates (glycogen) and lipids (free fatty acids in plasma).  Carbohydrates can be metabolized either in the presence of oxygen (aerobically) or in its absence (anaerobically), however, lipids can only be metabolized aerobically.  During light exercise or when the body is at rest, muscle metabolism is usually entirely aerobic, and the source of fuel is the free fatty acids in plasma.  During intense exercise, metabolism of the fatty acids cannot keep up with the demand, and glycogen is used for energy.  However, as intense exercise continues, glycogen stores are exhausted, and free fatty acids become the principal source of energy 2 [Show More]

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