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Final Study Critical Care

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Final Study Guide Critical Care Intracranial Regulation  Mechanisms or conditions that impact intracranial processing and function  Focus is specifically on conditions that affect the content... s of the cranium o Cranium-the bone structure that surrounds the brain  Brain, circulatory system (blood circulating through brain), and cerebrospinal fluid  **problem with one these if intracranial regulation problem  Normal intracranial regulation o Interaction between brain areas  Cerebrum (higher level of thinking), diencephalon, brain stem (primitive type of functioning) o Transmission of nerve impulses across neuronal synapses by neurotransmitters-requires intact neurons, neurotransmitter receptors, and adequate amounts of neurotransmitters o Constant supply of blood delivering oxygen and nutrients-BRAIN DOES NOT HAVE OXYGEN OR GLUCOSE SUPPLY  If this is impaired, we will see impaired intracranial regulation fast!  Requires sufficient blood volume, cardiac output, and oxygenation  Cells rely heavily on perfusion and gas exchange (mainly oxygen)  Glucose supply  Hypoglycemia-changes in level of consciousness, confused (because of impaired intracranial regulation), diaphoresis (autoimmune response related to impaired intracranial regulation)  Hyperglycemia-sleepy  Impairments of different areas of brain reflect certain symptoms o Frontal lobe:  Expressive aphasia  Contralateral seizures and motor weakness  PERSONAILITY AND BEHAVIOR CHANGES  Anger management and impulse control o Temporal lobe:  Auditory hallucinations  IMPAIRED MEMORY (with bilateral tumor)  Personality changes  Psychomotor seizures  Visual field deficits  Receptive aphasia  hearing  DYSARTHRIA (difficulty articulating words)  Speech o Parietal lobe:  Dyslexia (left side)  Position sense loss [Show More]

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