Study Guide for NR 293 Exam 1.
Chapter 2
Define the common terms used in pharmacology
o Pharmacokinetic- the study of what the body does to the drug; involves the processes of absorption,
distribution, metabolism,
...
Study Guide for NR 293 Exam 1.
Chapter 2
Define the common terms used in pharmacology
o Pharmacokinetic- the study of what the body does to the drug; involves the processes of absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion
o Pharmacodynamics- the study of what the drug does to the body; involves drug–receptor relationships.
o First-pass effect- initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the GI tract before the drug
reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream
o Bioavaibility- a measure of the extent of a drug absorption for a given drug and route (from 0% to
100%)
o Protein-binding
o Onset of action- time required for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response after dosings
o Peak Effect – the time required for a drug to reach its max. Therapeutic response
o Duration of action- the length of time the concentration of a drug in the blood or tissues is sufficient to
elicit a response
o Half-life – in pharmacokinetics, the time required for half of an administered dose of drug to be
eliminated by the body, or the time it takes for the blood level of a drug to be reduced
o Therapeutic index- ratio between toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug
o Trough level- lowest blood level; the lowest concentration of a drug reached in the body after it falls
from its peak level, usually measured in blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring
o Peak level- highest blood level. Concentration of a drug in the body after administration, usually
measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring.
o Agonist- drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the body
o Antagonist- drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the body; also called
inhibitors.
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