*NURSING > STUDY GUIDE > Foundations Final Exam Study Guide 1 (All)

Foundations Final Exam Study Guide 1

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1. Communication Ch 8 - 7 questions* 2. Culture Ch 5 - 3 questions* 3. Legal issues Ch 7 - 5 questions* 4. Continuity of Care - 5 questions 5. Nursing Process - 14 questions 6. Vital S ... igns Ch 25 - 19 questions* 7. Activity and mobility Ch 33 - 8 questions* Chapter 5: Cultural Diversity(3 Questions) Objective→ Identify methods nurses can use to promote cultural respect Culture & Subculture •Culture –Shared system of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations –Provides social structure for daily living –Defines roles and interactions with others and in families and communities –Apparent in the attitudes and institutions unique to the culture •Subculture –Large group of people who are members of a larger cultural group –Members have certain ethnic, occupational, or physical characteristics not common to the larger culture. DEFINITIONS: · Cultural assimilation (acculturation) ■ Minorities living within a dominant group lose the characteristics that made them different. ■ Values replaced by those of dominant culture · Culture shock ■■ The feelings a person experiences when placed in a different culture May result in psychological discomfort or disturbances · Cultural imposition ■ Belief that everyone should conform to the majority belief system · Cultural blindness ■ Ignores differences and proceeds as if they did not exist **Chapter 5 Objective:** ● How to Provide Culturally COMPETENT Nursing Care ○ Develop cultural awareness & knowledge ○ ACCOMMODATE cultural practices in health care. ○ Respect culturally based family roles ○ Avoid mandating change ○ Seek cultural assistance Chapter 25- Vital Signs (19 Questions) BETTER KNOW THIS ISHT. Normal Ranges for Vital Signs ● Oral temperature—37.0°C, 98.6°F ● Pulse rate—60 to 100 (80 average) ● Respirations—12 to 20 breaths/min ● Blood pressure—120/80 ● Baseline- whatever the pts “normal” is Appropriate Times to Measure Vital Signs ❖ Screenings at health fairs and clinics ❖ In the home ❖ Upon admission to any health care agency ❖ When medications are given that affect cardiac rate and rhythm ❖ Before and after invasive diagnostic and surgical procedures ❖ In emergency situations ❖At ANY change in pt condition Temperature ➔ Heat ◆Production Primary source of heat prod. is metabolism. ◆ Hormones, muscle movements, and exercise increase metabolism. ◆ Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released when additional heat is required, and alter metabolism. ◆ Thyroid hormone and shivering also increase heat production. ◆ Energy production decreases and heat production increases. ➔ Sources of ◆ Skin (primary source of heat loss) Heat Loss ◆ Evaporation of sweat ◆ Warming and humidifying inspired air ◆ Eliminating urine and feces ●● Sensible: measurable not measurablefluid loss (Urine, feces) fluid loss. (Sweat, respiration) Insensible: [Show More]

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