Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam Study Guide (2021)

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1. Definition of Nursing: -To promote better health, prevention of illness, collaborative care. Patient is the central focus of all definitions. Includes: physical, emotional, social, and spiritual... dimensions. NURSING IS AN ART AND SCIENCE!!! 2. Aims of Nursing- {4 aims} promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping with death and disability. 3. The 4 aims of nursing interrelate by the nurse using: cognitive, technical, interpersonal, ethical/legal abilities or skills. 4. Nurse Role: [health and illness]: Nurses emphasize health promotion activities, wellness-enhancing strategies, and illness prevention activities as important forms of health care because they assist patients in maintaining and improving health. 5. The Nursing Process: -Assessment: collecting comprehensive data about the clients health -Diagnosis: analyze the assessment data to determine the dx or issue -Planning: develop a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes -Implementation: implements the identified plan -Evaluation-evaluate progress 6. Benner’s stages of Nursing proficiency: –Novice” has no prior experience” –Advanced beginner” new graduation working at his or her first nursing Job” –Competent “develops within 2-3 years of experience on the same job” –Proficient “ Holistic “This nurse has learned from experiences what to expect in certain situations and how to modify plans” –Expert “The Expert operates from a deep understanding of the total situation” uses intuitive grasp of each situation. 7. Historical Perspective/ Pre- Civilization •Belief that good and evil spirits bring health or illness •Physician as medicine man: a member of an indigeneous society who is knowledgeable about the magical and chemical protencies of various substances and skilled in the rituals through which they are administered. •Early Christian period: {nursing has formal and more clearly defined role; deaconesses made visits to the sick during this period[ + leadership. women made the first visits to sick people, male gave nursing care and buried the dead. Nursing became a respected vocation •Temple and church are used for patients’ care •Characteristic of the 16th century: shift from a religious orientation to an emphasis on warfare, exploration, and expansion of knowledge during this time period. Nursing had a poor reputation; nurses received low pay and worked long hours in unfavorable conditions during this time period. •Historical Perspective/World War II: large numbers of women worked outside the home and became more independent and assertive. Explosion in medicine and technology broadened the role of nurses. Growth of nursing as a professional discipline. •Florence Nightingale: founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale established the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration. Also wrote books about health care and nursing education. Challenged prejudice against women and elevated the status of all nurses. 8. What are the Models of Health and Illness? •Health Belief Model (Rosenstoch's 1974) –Addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and Behaviors •Health Promotion Model (Pender) –Directed at increasing a patient’s level of well-being 9. Healthy People 2020 Goals Looking at the goals, How do you see your role as a nurse? -Attain high-quality longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death -Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups -Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all -Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all stages 10. Health Promotion, Wellness, and Illness Prevention a. Immunization Programs b. Routine Exercise, Good Nutrition c. Physical Awareness Stress management, Self-responsibility [Show More]

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