C785 Biochemistry reassessment with complete solution

C785 Biochemistry preassessment with complete solution Assuming 100% reaction efficiency, how many DNA copies are created after the completion of four complete PCR cycles? Correct Answer-16 What is the function of DNA ...

C785 Biochemistry preassessment with complete solution Assuming 100% reaction efficiency, how many DNA copies are created after the completion of four complete PCR cycles? Correct Answer-16 What is the function of DNA polymerase in the process of PCR? Correct Answer-It recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA sequence. What are possible blood types of the parents of a patient with blood type AB? Correct Answer-A and B 115 116 117 118 − Amino Acid Number Tyr Gly Thr Pro − Amino Acid Sequence TAC GGG ACA CCA − DNA Sequence What is the amino acid in position 118 that results from a single nucleotide insertion immediately following the three guanines that encode for glycine 116? Correct Answer-Thr In sickle-cell disease, the glutamic acid (Glu) at position number seven is mutated to valine (Val). What change in codons corresponds to this mutation? Correct Answer-GAA to GTA Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the chromosome that is homologous to the damaged chromosome? Correct Answer-Recombination Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a recessive genetic disease that occurs when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are nonfunctional. Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the general population? Correct Answer-The mutation rate of all other genes is higher due to failure to repair. Which mRNA sequence results in a polypeptide that contains three amino acids? Correct Answer-5' - CUU GAU ACU UAG - 3' Which template strand DNA sequence would result in the amino acid (Ser)? Correct Answer-5' - CGA - 3' What is the complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence? 5' - GCC ATC TCG AAT - 3’ Correct Answer-5' - ATT CGA GAT GGC - 3' Studies have shown that increased expression of two genes called SIRT1 and SIRT2 is associated with chronic exposure to cocaine and contributes to drug addiction. What difference in the regions of the SIRT1 and SIRT2 genes in people addicted to cocaine increases their expression? Correct Answer-The nucleosomes become more widely spaced. What occurs during the process of alternative splicing of mRNA? Correct Answer-Alternate combinations of exons within the same gene are linked together. Which force is most influential in determining the tertiary structure of a protein? Correct Answer-Hydrophobic effect Given the following amino acid structure, what is the strongest intermolecular force it would participate in to stabilize a protein structure? Correct Answer-Hydrogen bond What is the name of large, functional protein structures composed of smaller proteins with multiple subunits Correct Answer-Quaternary structure Which structural level shows the greatest difference when replacing denatured proteins with a denatured single subunit protein? Correct Answer-Tertiary Which level of protein structure is established through the dehydration synthesis of peptide bonds? Correct Answer-primary Which situation would most likely lead to a permanent alteration of protein function? Correct Answer-A mutation that substitutes a hydrophobic amino acid with a hydrophilic amino acid Given the following amino acid structure, what is the strongest intermolecular force it would participate in to stabilize a protein structure? Correct Answer-hydrogen bond What is the name of large, functional protein structures composed of smaller proteins with multiple subunits? Correct Answer-quaternary structure Pepsin, the enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of peptide bonds, has the highest activity in the acidic environment of the stomach. What process is disrupted after a patient ingests excessive antacid that neutralizes the pH of the stomach? Correct Answer-Protein catabolism An active elderly patient is becoming frequently disoriented, having trouble recalling her daily routine, and becoming aggravated easily. She forgets words and places and has difficulty recognizing her children. Which biochemical event is responsible for this patient's behavior? Correct Answer-Protein aggregation In which situation would altering a protein structure lead to a disease state? Correct Answer-A mutation in aconitase blocks an essential step in aerobic metabolism How does hemoglobin keep blood pH neutral during exercise? Correct Answer-Deoxygenated hemoglobin binds to excess H +. What is occurring in surrounding tissues as the amount of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen increases? Correct Answer-The amount of carbon dioxide decreases. What is occurring in surrounding tissues as the amount of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen increases? Correct Answer-The concentration of hydrogen ions decreases. Identify the factors that favor the oxygenated form of hemoglobin. Correct Answer-High pH, low carbon dioxide Which metal ion is bound to the porphyrin ring in hemoglobin? Correct Answer-Iron Which feature of hemoglobin makes it an effective oxygen transport molecule? Correct Answer-Its affinity for oxygen is regulated by pH. Which enzyme binding scenario best describes enzyme specificity and action? Correct Answer-An enzyme binds one substrate or closely related substrates to catalyze only one reaction. How do the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reac