US HISTORY UNIT 1 CHALLENGE 3 (2021) 100% CORRECT

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UNIT 1 CHALLENGE 3 Plato: An academic approach to concepts Select the option that accurately completes the statement below. Being a genius is a _____ condition for being a college student.  A.)... sufficient, not necessary  B.)necessary, not sufficient  C.)neither necessary nor sufficient  D.)both necessary and sufficient C.)Correct. Not all geniuses are enrolled in a college. Therefore, being a genius is not a sufficient condition (or logical guarantee) for being a college student. Likewise, a person could be enrolled in a college but not be a genius. Therefore, being a genius is also not a necessary condition, or logical requirement, for being a college student. Select the option that accurately completes the statement below. Having wheels is a _______ condition for being a functioning car.  A.)necessary, not sufficient  B.)sufficient, not necessary  C.)neither necessary nor sufficient  D.)both necessary and sufficient A.)Correct. All functioning cars have wheels, therefore, wheels are a necessary condition (or a logical requirement) for being a functioning car. Since not all things that have wheels are cars, having wheels is not a sufficient condition (or logical guarantee) for being a car. Select the option that accurately completes the statement below. Being a bodybuilder is a _____ condition for being strong.  A.)sufficient, not necessary Your text here 1  B.)neither necessary nor sufficient  C.)necessary, not sufficient  D.)both necessary and sufficient A.)Correct. It is correct that all bodybuilders are strong, which makes being a bodybuilder a sufficient condition (or logical guarantee) for being strong. But not all strong people are bodybuilders, so being a bodybuilder is not a necessary condition (or logical requirement) for being strong. Plato's Forms: The Objects of Knowledge Select the statement that does NOT represent a central epistemological tenet of Plato's doctrine of the Forms.  A.)Forms are the abstract universals in which all particulars participate.  B.)The true nature of reality can only be uncovered by understanding the Forms.  C.)Knowledge is a justified true belief in which justification is grounded in understanding the world as it really is.  D.)An essence is a physical entity that is the building block of every object in the universe. D.)Correct. It's true that Plato's doctrine of the Forms defines essences as universal entities in which worldly objects participate, but essences are abstract entities that exist in the intellectual realm. They are NOT physical entities. Select the statement that represents a central epistemological tenet of Plato's doctrine of the Forms.  A.)If humans cease to exist, so does the Form of knowledge.  B.)Knowledge differs from opinion because knowledge requires one to be able to justify his or her beliefs.  C.)Forms are entities that exist only in the natural world.  D.)In philosophy, Forms play no role in determining what is morally right and wrong. B.)Correct. Plato believed that knowledge consists of three components: belief, truth, and justification. Justification means being able to support beliefs with good reasons. Beliefs that are not justified are only opinions. Select the statement that does NOT represent a central epistemological tenet of Plato's doctrine of the Forms.  A.)Understanding the essence of a thing is the only way to justify having true knowledge of that thing.  B.)Knowledge of the Forms enables one to understand the true nature of reality.  C.)Having an opinion about something assumes that you also have knowledge about that thing.  D.)A belief becomes justified when it can be accurately connected to the world. C.)Correct. Plato believed the opposite of this statement to be true. Having an opinion is one component of knowledge, but that opinion must be true and justified to qualify as knowledge. Plato Forms: The Foundations of Being Select the statement that represents a central metaphysical tenet of Plato's doctrine of the Forms.  A.)Individual objects participate in the Form of those objects.  B.)The essence of an object exists only when a human invents its Form.  C.)Only a cause-and-effect aspect exists between an object and its Form.  D.)The Form of an object is an imitation of the more genuine worldly object. A.)Correct. According to Plato, all objects participate in their Forms. This participation grounds worldly objects in truth. Select the statement that represents a central metaphysical tenet of Plato's doctrine of the Forms.  A.)A perfect circle exists in the world because the Form of a circle exists in the world.  B.)When the Form of a tree changes, the tree that exists in the world will change along with it.  C.)The Form of Humanity exists independently, regardless of the existence of human beings.  D.)Metaphysically speaking, a horse is more genuine than the Form of a horse. C.)Correct. According to Plato, Forms are real entities that exist in Platonic Heaven. They would exist even in the absence of humans. Select the statement that does NOT represent a central metaphysical tenet of Plato's doctrine of the Forms.  A.)The world of the senses is unchanging, but Platonic Heaven is in constant flux.  B.)A butterfly is a butterfly because it participates in the Form of a butterfly.  C.)It is the existence of the essence of Goodness that enables us to know examples of goodness in the world.  D.)All Forms exist in Platonic Heaven as ideal examples for their worldly counterparts. A.)Correct. It is true that this is an inaccurate description of Plato's metaphysics. In fact, this statement is directly opposed to the true description. According to Plato, the Forms in Platonic Heaven are perfect and unchanging and, therefore, provide the basis of knowledge. Applying Plato's Metaphysics Harper is a philosophy major who is debating with her roommates about the nature of humanity. According to Plato, what makes Harper a human being, and not something else?  A.)Harper understands the essence of humanity.  B.)Harper has the ability to ground her knowledge in reality.  C.)Harper participates in the Form of Human.  D.)Harper has an informed opinion about what it means to be a human. C.)Correct. This statement reflects Plato's argument that Forms are essences that ground all truth. An object is an object because it participates in the Form of that object. Charlie owns a small, skinny dog named Spot that bystanders often mistake for a cat. According to Plato, what causes Charlie's dog Spot to be a dog and not a cat?  A.)Spot fits his owner's belief of what a dog should look like.  B.)Spot is classified in the same genus and species as other dogs.  C.)The Form of Dog is the reason Spot exists as a dog.  D.)Spot chooses to embody the essence of a dog. C.)Correct. This statement reflects Plato's argument that Forms are essences that ground all truth. A dog is a dog because it participates in the Form of Dog. Kara is a political activist who protests against animal cruelty by boycotting products that are tested on animals. According to Plato, what determines whether Kara's act is just?  A.)It is a just act if Kara truly believes that it is a just act.  B.)The essence of justice determines whether or not the act is just.  C.)If the majority of people decide that the act is just, it is just.  D.)An act can be considered just if it promotes kindness. B.)Correct. This statement correctly applies Plato's argument that Forms are essences that ground all truth. An act is just because it participates in the Form (or essence) of Justice. The Footnotes to Plato Which of the following is a way in which Plato has impacted history and society?  A.)He was the first philosopher to equate philosophy with rhetoric.  B.)He reoriented philosophy away from ethics and epistemology and towards cosmology and natural philosophy.  C.)He proved that mathematics is a human invent [Show More]

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