PSYCH 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A

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PSYCH 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A object permanence ✔✔the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived What is the difference between heredity and heritability ✔✔heritability is the proportion of variation in individuals of a group that we can attribute to genes, heredity is the genetic transfer of characteristics from parents to children What is the human genome? ✔✔the shared genetic profile of human DNA, complete instructions for making an individual, all the genetic material in the organisms chromosomes(DNA) What kinds of characteristics are least and most influenced by our genetics? ✔✔appearance is heritable, temperament, personality, intelligence, substance abuse disorders, least influenced are those where environment comes into play What kinds of characteristics are least and most influenced by our environment? ✔✔least is personality, most can be determined by stress/diet/pollutants/chemicals/drugs/exercise/emotions How can twin and adoption studies help us understand the relative influence of genetics and the environment? ✔✔can manipulate how hereditary(with differentiating environments)can influence twins and vice versa. findings show that shared genes contribute to same mental disorders, identical look more alike(duh), personalities most similar amongst identical twins, What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? ✔✔dna is a complex molecule containing genetic info that makes upthe chromosomes, genes are biochemical units of heredity that make up chromosomes/segments of dna that synthesize proteins, chromosomes are threadlike structures made of dna molecules that contain the genes Where can you find a person's chromosomes? ✔✔nucleus of every human cell Distinguish behavioral genetics from epigenetics from molecular genetics ✔✔behavioral genetics is the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior, epigenetics is the study of how environments can trigger or block genetic expression.(environmental influences on gene expression that occurs with a dna change), molecular genetics is study of molecular structure and function of genes, molecular/behavioral is how structure and function of genes interacts with environment to influence behavior What does it mean to say that a gene is "expressed" ? ✔✔gene is expressed when it is active, epigenetic marks can indicate a cell to "turn off" a gene What are the differences between identical and fraternal twins? ✔✔identical are from single fertilized egg that splits(genetically identical), dont always have same number of copies of genes expressed within genome, most share a placenta/ fraternal are from two separated fertilized eggs,share prenatal environment but no different than other siblings What are the differences between monozygotic and dizygotic? ✔✔monozygotic is one zygote, dizygotic is two What is temperament and how is it related to personality? ✔✔temperament is emotional reactivty and excitablity, is genetically influenced, higher emotional reactivity can result in a more agressive and impulsive personality How do biology, culture, and e

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