1. Sketch a mitochondrion that includes the electron transport chain and ATP synthase and trace the flow of protons that
generates a proton gradient used to produce ATP.
2. Understand the concept of reduction potential
...
1. Sketch a mitochondrion that includes the electron transport chain and ATP synthase and trace the flow of protons that
generates a proton gradient used to produce ATP.
2. Understand the concept of reduction potential.
3. Predict how changes in the ratio of ATP to ADP will affect.
4. flux through the electron transport chain.
5. Explain how ATP synthase work.
6. Explain the 1st law of thermodynamics (conservation of energy) in terms of oxidative phosphorylation.
7. Understand what brown fat is and how it relates to the 1st law of thermodynamics.
Case: A 27-yr-old woman was admitted to emergency services complaining of fatigue, nausea, and excessive sweating. She
reported starting a new diet tablet, containing 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), which she bought over the Internet a week before her
admission. She had doubled the recommended dose for faster results. Past medical history was negative. She was a non-smoker,
non-drinker, and had no known allergies. Initial examination revealed an agitated overweight female (BMI 33) with a Glasgow
Coma Scale (GCS) of 15 (i.e., fully conscious, or no apparent brain injury). Her airway was clear, respiratory rate (RR) was
elevated (60 breaths/minute), oxygen saturation 100% (“normal”), blood pressure (BP) 122/86, and heart rate (HR) 140
beats/minute. Her temperature was 39°C. There were no other significant clinical findings. Six hours after admission, her situation
worsened: GCS 14 (eyes opening to command), RR 44, BP 146/110, HR 150 beats/minutes, and temperature 40°C. An hour later,
she became asystolic (i.e., no heartbeat). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started. It was not possible to ventilate her due to
widespread sustained muscle rigidity. After 14 cycles with epinephrine and atropine, she remained asystolic and was declared
dead
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