CPCE Sample Test Exam Questions with accurate answers. Latest update, 100% Accurate. 200+ QUESTIONS

CPCE Sample Test Exam Questions with accurate answers. Latest update, 100% Accurate. 200+ QUESTIONS 1. Kohlberg's theory of moral development includes 3 progressive levels culminating in... A. self-actualization, w ...

CPCE Sample Test Exam Questions with accurate answers. Latest update, 100% Accurate. 200+ QUESTIONS 1. Kohlberg's theory of moral development includes 3 progressive levels culminating in... A. self-actualization, wherein the individual is fully humanistic. B. principled thought, wherein the individual adopts a self- accepted set of standards of behavior. C. androgyny, wherein the individual exhibits both male and female stereotypic behaviors. D. personhood, wherein the individual is free from moral dilemmas. - ✔✔B 2. A professional counselor determines fees for monthly consultation services on a job-by-job basis. This is an example of which of the following types of reinforcement schedules? A. variable interval B. fixed interval C. variable ratio D. fixed ratio - ✔✔C 3. Research on the development of a person in a so-called "humanistic life outlook" has shown that it is facilitated by A. formal educational experiences. B. observational learning experiences. C. diverse interpersonal interactions. D. all of the above. - ✔✔D 4. When persons who are characteristically shy and withdrawn participate in "assertiveness training," initially they experience uncertainty and self-doubt. Counselors refer to this social psychological concept as A. cognitive dissonance. B. dissociation. C. individuation. D. acculturation - ✔✔A 5. "Men (used here to mean all people) are disturbed not by things, but by the view which they take of them." This quote, attributable to Epictetus, most closely describes the counseling theory developed by A. Rogers. B. Carkhuff. C. Freud. D. Ellis. - ✔✔D 6. The counseling technique in which the counselor intensifies the client's emotional state in order to help the client understand the irrationality of the emotional reaction is known as A. confrontation. B. paradoxical intention. C. systematic desensitization. D. reconfiguration. - ✔✔B 7. Counselors know that groups are formed for different purposes. For example, in some groups the primary goal is to yield some specified outcome, or "product," while in others the primary goal is to focus on the "process" of interaction within the group. Which of the following types of groups is more product than process oriented? A. Behavioral B. Transactional-analysis C. Adlerian D. Client-centered - ✔✔A 8. In the context of group counseling, members that are high in conformity also tend to be high in A. independence. B. authoritarianism. C. intelligence. D. superiority. - ✔✔B 9. A counselor who structures a career counseling group to help group members understand a "fields and levels" approach to careers is following the theory of A. Super. B. Roe. C. Holland. D. Tiedeman. - ✔✔B 10. The concept of "career maturity" has been described and researched most extensively by A. Crites. B. Hoyt. C. Tiedeman. D. Ginzberg. - ✔✔A 11. Person A and Person B both took the same test. Person A got a score of 100 while Person B got a score of 75. In order for a counselor to determine whether the difference between their scores was because of "chance," the counselor would need to know which of the following characteristics of the test? A. mean B. standard deviation C. standard error of measurement D. standard error of the mean - ✔✔C 12. A counselor conducted a study intended to evaluate the effectiveness of on-going group career counseling on the vocational maturity of high school sophomores. The study was begun in September and continued until June. This study is partcularly susceptible to which of the following threats to the validity of an experiment? A. regression B. maturation C. reactive effects of experimentation D. multiple treatment interference - ✔✔B 13. A counselor designs a study where two experimental groups and one control group complete pre- and post-experiment measures of self-concept. The subjects were not randomly assigned to the groups because of scheduling problems. Which of the following techniques is MOST appropriate for analyzing the resultant data? A. analysis of covariance B. correlated t-tests C. analysis of variance D. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test - ✔✔A 14. You have been providing career counseling to a client who is seeking employment. Concurrent with the counseling, and with your knowledge, the client has made application for employment with several employers. A potential employer calls you and asks for your opinion as to your client's suitability for the employer's job opening. Under which of the following conditions are you free (i.e., not in violation of professional ethics), to provide the information requested? A. When it is clear that the client will not get the job unless the information is given B. When you are certain that the information you would provide would assure that the client would get the job. C. When in your best judgment you believe the information would enhance the client's chances for getting the job. D. None of the above - ✔✔D 15. As applied to professional licensure of counselors, the term "reciprocity" means that A. one licensing agency agrees to accept the licensing standards of another as sufficient for its own. B. a licensed counselor may legally perform the functions of a licensed psychologist. C. certification is synonymous with licensure. D. graduation from a fully accredited counselor education program automatically constitutes eligibility for licensure. - ✔✔A 16. Susie is playing with blocks and is trying to build a tower; she tries but cannot build a tower. Susie's mother helps her build a four-block tower. Later, Susie builds a four-block tower without her mother's help. According to Vygotsky, the inability to build the tower on her own is known as: a. scaffolding b. the zone of proximal development c. assisted discovery d. learning by imitation - ✔✔B 17. According to Erickson, when an individual fails to develop a strong sense of identity, the individual will have troubles with the development of: a. autonomy b. initiative c. intimacy d. integrity - ✔✔C 18. Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in Freud's theory of personality development? a. Oral, genital, latency, anal, phallic b. Genital, anal, phallic, oral, latency c. Latency, phallic, oral, anal, genital d. Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital - ✔✔D 19. Jacob's father tells Jacob to clean his room. When Jacob asks why, his father responds, "Because I said so." The father's response is most representative of which parenting style? a. Uninvolved b. Authoritarian c. Authoritative d. Permissive - ✔✔B 20. Harry Harlow used baby monkeys and several different kinds of "surrogate mothers" to investigate which factors are important in early development and attachment. According to his findings, baby monkeys: a. preferred a soft terrycloth "mother" to a wire-mesh "mother" that held a bottle b. preferred a wire-mesh "mother" that held a bottle to a soft terrycloth "mother" c. showed no preference d. preferred neither "mother" - ✔✔A 21. Which of the following is a myth about suicide in the United States? a. Male suicide is four times higher than that among females. b. It occurs in age groups of 90 years and up. c. Psychiatrists, physicians, and dentists are most prone. d. Asking someone about suicide may push that person over the edge - ✔✔D 22. Cody does what his parents say because he doesn't want to lose his television privileges. This is an example of what level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development? a. Integrity versus despair b. Preconventional c. Conventional d. Postconventional - ✔✔B 23. Josie likes to play peek-a-boo with her little brother, Jack. According to Piaget, Jack finds this game fun because he has acquired ____________, which is one of the primary tasks of the 24. sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. a. conservation b. dual representation c. object permanence d. reversibility - ✔✔C 25. The theorist associated with bonding and attachment is: a. Bowlby b. Adler c. Freud d. Piaget - ✔✔A 26. Henry, a 72-year-old widower, reminisces with his daughter about his life. He talks about his successes and regrets. This is an example of Erikson's: a. intimacy stage b. generativity stage c. industry stage d. ego integrity stage - ✔✔D 27. When it comes to displaying aggression, girls more often engage in ____________ aggression than boys. a. hostile b. instrumental c. relational d. physical - ✔✔C 28. All of the following are physical characteristics of Down Syndrome EXCEPT: a. short, stocky build b. almond-shaped eyes c. large hands and feet d. flattened face - ✔✔D 29. Which of the following statements is true when considering cultural and familial influences on self-esteem? a. Chinese and Japanese children have higher self-esteem than North American children, mainly because their cultures have higher academic standards for achievement. b. Boys tend to have lower self-esteem than girls c. African American children tend to have lower self-esteem than Caucasian children. d. An authoritative parenting style usually allows children to have especially high selfesteem. - ✔✔D 30. Research on gay and lesbian parents indicates: a. Their children are maladjusted. b. They are as dedicated to and effective at child rearing as are heterosexual parents. c. They are less dedicated to child rearing than heterosexual parents. d. Their children are parented harshly and inconsistently. - ✔✔B 31. In the Stanford prison study, what caused the guards to treat the prisoners harshly? 32. a.Their instructions from the researchers 33. b.The uncooperative behavior of the prisoners 34. c. The social context 35. d. The pressure the guards got from one another - ✔✔C 36. In the original studies, Milgram and his colleagues found that people were more likely to disobey under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT when __________. a. the victim was in an adjoining room so the "teacher" heard every sound the victim made b. two experimenters had conflicting demands about the continuation of the experiment c. the person ordering them to continue was an ordinary man, apparently another volunteer d. the subject worked with peers who refused to go further in the procedure - ✔✔A 37. In the Stanford prison simulation, male college students agreed to participate in an experiment to discover what would happen when they took on the roles of prisoners and guards. The researchers found that __________. a. within a short time the prisoners became distressed and panicky, with accompanying emotional and physical ailments b. a small percentage of the guards became tyrannical and abusive in order to maintain the social structure of the prison c. the "tough but fair" guards urged the tyrannical guards to lighten up on the prisoners d. all of the prisoners and the guards became harsh and abusive - ✔✔A 38. In what ways do stereotypes distort reality? a. Stereotypes exaggerate the differences that exist between groups. b. Stereotypes exaggerate the differences that exist within groups. c. Stereotypes produce many differing perceptions by many people. d. Stereotypes demonstrate that members of a group can be different - ✔✔A 39. Jennifer has to choose between spending the evening at home with her parents or spending the evening babysitting her younger sister. Jennifer does not like either of these choices. This situation describes an: a. approach-avoidance conflict b. avoidance-avoidance conflict c. approach-approach conflict d. avoidance vector - ✔✔B 40. 20. Connie tells each of her clients that the best way she can help them is to attempt to look at the world from the client's point of view. This counselor is taking the _________ perspective. a. etic b. alloplastic c. emic d. autoplastic - ✔✔C 41. Working with individuals from different cultures requires that the counselor: a. have sensitivity to the needs of the individuals b. make a referral to another counselor c. have knowledge about the different cultures d. Both A and C. - ✔✔D 42. A high standard of counseling practice when working with diverse populations involves all of the following EXCEPT: a. treating all clients the same way b. acknowledging and confronting their own biases and prejudices c. adapting one's knowledge and skills to meet the clients' needs d. educating oneself as completely as possible regarding the clients' cultural context - ✔✔A 43. When working with individuals from different cultures, the effective counselor may not: a. use language similar to the client's b. maintain good eye contact at all times c. be cognizant of the context d. honor religious beliefs - ✔✔B 44. Murray is a bright student, but he procrastinates. He puts off writing term papers and gets incompletes, which eventually become Fs. Murray's therapist helps him establish small, specific goals rather than vague, long-range goals. The therapist also asks Murray to keep a diary of how he is spending his time when he is avoiding his studies. The method used to help Murray deal with his problem is __________ therapy. a. psychodynamic b. behavioral c. Gestalt d. existential - ✔✔B 45. The social-learning perspective is to the psychodynamic perspective as __________ are to _____________. a. bodily events; social and cultural forces b. social and cultural forces; bodily events c. environmental conditions; unconscious dynamics d. unconscious dynamics; environmental conditions - ✔✔C 46. The process of saying freely whatever comes to mind in connection with dreams, memories, fantasies, or conflicts, in the course of a psychodynamic therapy session, is referred to as __________. a. systematic desensitization b. flooding c. free association d. exposure treatment - ✔✔C 47. 27. Which of the following is not a behavioral therapy? a. Flooding b. Skills training c. Exposure d. Unconditional positive regard - ✔✔D 48. The primary goal of __________ therapy is to find meaning in life. a. rational-emotive b. reality c. existential d. transactional analysis - ✔✔C 49. Which of the following pairings of problem and the most successful therapy for that problem is INCORRECT? a. Childhood behavior problems and existential therapy b. Specific phobias and systematic desensitization c. Depression and rational-emotive therapy d. Panic disorder and behavior therapy - ✔✔A 50. The bond of confidence and mutual understanding established between therapist and 51. client is called the _______. a. therapeutic window b. therapeutic alliance c. clubhouse model d. window of opportunity - ✔✔B 52. An apparent treatment success that is due to the patient's expectation or hopes rather than the treatment itself is called ____________. a. the placebo effect b. the nocebo effect c. the therapeutic window d. an empirically validated treatment - ✔✔A 53. In _________ therapy, the therapist uses logical arguments to challenge a client's unrealistic beliefs or expectations. a. client-centered b. rational-emotive behavior c. existential d. aversive conditioning - ✔✔B 54. Systematic desensitization and "flooding" are ___________ therapies. a. behavioral b. psychodynamic c. reality d. Adlerian - ✔✔A 55. Which of the following types of psychotherapists would be most likely to use free association and transference? a. Rational-emotive behavior therapists b. Behavior therapists c. Psychodynamic therapists d. Client-centered therapists - ✔✔C 56. _________ is a humanist approach that emphasizes the tragic aspects of life, the burden of responsibility, and the need to face the inevitability of death. a. Social interest b. Psychoanalysis c. Existentialism d. Self-actualization - ✔✔C 57. According to Carl Rogers, __________ is love and support given to another with no strings attached. a. the condition of worth b. unconditional positive regard c. existentialism d. self-actualization - ✔✔B 58. Which of the following pairs of personality theorists and perspectives is INCORRECT? a. Abraham Maslow; existentialist b. Carl Rogers; humanist c. Carl Jung; genetic d. Sigmund Freud; psychodynamic - ✔✔C 59. Which of the following terms is associated with transactional analysis? a. Free association b. Unconditional positive regard c. Irrational beliefs d. Complementary transactions - ✔✔D 60. Which one of the following does NOT belong with the other three? a. Horney b. Glasser c. Adler d. Jung - ✔✔B 61. The withdrawal of reinforcement until the conditioned response no longer occurs is known as: a. extinction b. elimination c. discrimination d. punishment - ✔✔A 62. Freud is to ego, id, and superego as ___________ is to parent, adult, and child. a. Jung b. Adler c. Perls d. Berne - ✔✔D 63. Developed by Luft and Ingham, ______________ asserts that there are four parts to the personality: the public self, the blind self, the private self, and the unknown self. a. neurolinguistic programming b. the concept of the collective unconscious c. the concept of the family constellation d. the concept of the Johari window - ✔✔D 64. In which is the focus on the meaning of life and the relevance of the individual 65. experience? a. Existential counseling b. Adlerian counseling c. Gestalt therapy d. Reality therapy - ✔✔A 66. Popular techniques of this approach are role playing, "empty chair," and "making the rounds." a. Client-centered b. Psychoanalysis c. Gestalt d. Adlerian - ✔✔C 67. Popular techniques of this approach are examination of client's memories, "spitting in the client's soup," and "catching oneself." a. Adlerian b. Psychoanalysis c. Rational-emotive therapy d. Reality therapy - ✔✔A 68. In this therapeutic approach, the counselor's emphasis is on being authentic while concentrating on verbal and nonverbal messages. a. Existential counseling b. Behavioral counseling c. Gestalt therapy d. Rational-emotive therapy - ✔✔