AP World History Modern Unit 1 Term
2022-2023. Full Coverage, latest update.
Confucianism - ✔✔-The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his
disciples, stressing love for humanity, a
...
AP World History Modern Unit 1 Term
2022-2023. Full Coverage, latest update.
Confucianism - ✔✔-The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his
disciples, stressing love for humanity, ancestor worship, reverence for parents, and harmony in thought
and conduct. Made to restore traditional values and develop a caste system.
Filial Piety - ✔✔-In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's
parents and ancestors.
Neo-Confucianism - ✔✔-Term to describe the resurgence of Confucianism and the influence of
Confucian scholars during the T'ang Dynasty; a unification of Daoist or Buddhist metaphysics with
Confucian ideas.
Confucian respect and deference for women. - ✔✔-Believed women were capable of loyalty, courage,
and devotion, but also intrigue, manipulation, and selfishness. Women were supposed to remain in their
place in the caste system.
Theravada - ✔✔-Teaching of the elders; oldest serving branch of Buddhism; more conservative.
Mahayana - ✔✔-The name of the more mystical and larger of the two main Buddhist sects. Originated in
India in the 400s CE and gradually found its way north to the Silk road and into Central and East Asia.
Focus on more spiritual relations.
Tibetan Buddhism - ✔✔-The religion of Tibet; a form of Mahayana Buddhism. Combines values of
Buddhism and other indigenous religion.
Champa Rice - ✔✔-Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season. Originally
introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the Champa state (now
known as Vietnam) during the Song dynasty. Increased China's population greatly.
Grand Canal Expansion - ✔✔-Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to
link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to
the south; nearly 1200 miles long. Built to ship grain from rich farmland in south China to Beijing.
Song Dynasty - ✔✔-(960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil
administration, industry, education, and arts other than military. Used a monarch government system,
later taken over by the Mongols. Comparable to the renaissance of Europe of the 14th century.
Effects of the innovations of the Chinese economy in Song, China. - ✔✔-Products such as textiles,
porcelain, steel, and iron lead to urbanization and made China richer.
Effects of Intellectual Innovation in Dar al Islam. - ✔✔-Dar al Islam translates to "The House of Islam" or
"The House of Peace." This was a place where Muslims could practice their religion. Expanded
dramatically in medieval times. Arab elements were incorporated to philosophy. Innovation from these
new philosophies are partial to inventions we still use today, such as toothbrushes, marching bands, and
algebra.
Abbasid Caliphate - ✔✔-Third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The rulers who built their
capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs. (Caliphs are leaders.) In started in 750 CE. It
flourished for two centuries, but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish army it
had created, the Mamluks. In the 13th century the Mongols displaced them.
Seljuk Empire - ✔✔-An empire formed by Turkish and Persian Sunnis, lasting from 1037 to 1194 A.D.
Monarch government.
Mamluk Sulante of Egypt - ✔✔-Medieval realm spanning Egypt, the Levant, and Hejaz. Lasted the
overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty until Ottoman conquest in Egypt in 1517. Largely a military based
dynasty. Soldiers were called mamlucks, their status just above slaves.
Delhi Sultanates - ✔✔-For about 320 years beginning in 1206, five dynasties ruled over the city of Delhi
in India. This kingdom has been coined the Delhi Sultanate. A former slave named Qutb-ud-din Aibak
began the dynasty, spreading Delhi's territory and influence across northern India. He also spread the
influence of the Islamic religion throughout the region. After years of conquest, the Sultanate conquered
and incorporated that majority of the Indian subcontinent. This resulted in a sort of unification process
between the diverse peoples of the region, but also led to a split in Indian culture, as Hindus increasingly
fought against the Sultanate in the 16th century, leading to its demise.
Nasir al-Din al-Tusi - ✔✔-Persian mathematician and cosmologist whose academy near Tabriz provided
the model for the movement of the planets that helped to inspire the Copernican model of the solar
system. Also thought to have created trigonometry.
A'ishah al-Ba'uniyyah - ✔✔-Female Sufi master and poet, taught by her father and said to have
memorized the Quran when she was eight. One of few Islamic women to record her views in writing. It
was likely that she wrote more works than any women prior to the 20th century, but most of her works
have been lost.
Islam Advances in Medicine - ✔✔-Contributions of the two major Muslim philosophers and physicians,
Al-Razi and Ibn Sina, made a lasting impact on Muslim medicine. Wrote their compilation of knowledge
in medical books, giving a major influence on the education of medical knowledge.
House of Wisdom in Baghdad - ✔✔-Large Islamic-based Library and learning center. Focus of conversion
of Greek and Roman classics and Indian learning into Arabic. Preserved knowledge. Often described as a
school or university and place to exchange ideas and wisdom.
Scholarly and cultural transfers in Muslim and Christian Spain. - ✔✔-Medieval people, whether
Christians, Muslims, or Jews, perceived ethnicity largely in terms of religious affiliation. In religiously
heterogeneous societies, religious minorities were perceived as ethnically differentiated units, no
matter what the level of their general acculturation to dominant norms may have been. As scholars
compiled histories, laws, and philosophical treatises, the main schools of legal thought emerged.
Bhakti Movement - ✔✔-An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion
toward a particular deity. Sought to erase the distinction between Hinduism and Islam. Main principles:
God is one, severe humanity to worship God, everyone is equal, worshiping God with devotion is better
than pilgrimages or religious ceremonies, caste is given up.
Sufism - ✔✔-An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God--divine love through
intuition rather than through rational deduction and study of the shari'a. Followed an ascetic routine
(denial of physical desire to gain a spiritual goal), dedicating themselves to fasting, prayer, meditation on
the Qur'an, and the avoidance of sin.
Buddhist Monasticism - ✔✔-Religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote
oneself fully to spiritual work. The four monastic rules, if broken, result in lifelong expulsion. 1) Having
sexual relations, 2) taking or ordering the taking of life, 3) taking something as one's own that has not
been freely given, and 4) making claims regarding one's spiritual attainments, powers, or degree of
enlightenment. (In summary, don't have sex
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