NEHA study guide questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+

NEHA study guide questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+ What is the MOST common cause of bacterial meningitis in children under five years of age? a. Neisseria meningitides b. Group B Streptococci c. Strep ...

NEHA study guide questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+ What is the MOST common cause of bacterial meningitis in children under five years of age? a. Neisseria meningitides b. Group B Streptococci c. Streptococcus pneumoniae d. Haemophilius influenzea type B - ✔✔-d. Haemophilius influenza type B How is "giardiasis USUALLY transmitted to others? a. Person-to-person transfer of cysts from the feces of the infected individual. b. Drinking unfiltered water from streams and lakes. c. Drinking unboiled water from streams and lakes. d. Drinking inadequately chlorinated water from a municipal water distribution system. - ✔✔-a. Personto-person transfer of cysts from the feces of the infected individual. Which of the following duties of state and local health agencies is intended to ensure that the public's health and welfare are protected? a. Community-intensive planning. b. Statutory administrative action. c. Regulatory responsibilities. d. Plan implementation. - ✔✔-c. Regulatory responsibilities. Which of the following is a measure of the amount of light scattered by particles suspended in a water test sample? a. Formazin Turbidity Units (FTU) b. Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) c. Hydrosyntalic Turbidity Units (HTU) d. Lorcetic Turbidity Units (LTU) - ✔✔-b. Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) What is an epidemic? a. The constant presence of a disease within a community or region. b. The presence of an infectious agent on the body surface. c. The presence of infection in a host without clear, recognizable clinic symptoms. d. The occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness clearly in excess of expectancy. - ✔✔-d. The occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness clearly in excess of expectancy. What portal of entry should a field sanitarian protect to avoid contracting Lyme disease? a. Skin b. Respiratory tract c. Reproductive organs d. Digestive tract - ✔✔-a. Skin Swimmer's itch is a common name for which of the following diseases? a. Leptospirosis b. Subdural dermatitis c. Schistosomiasis d. Trichiniasis - ✔✔-c. Schistosomiasis Which of the following factors would LEAST contribute to the emergence of new infectious disease? a. Human behavior b. Heat disinfection c. Antibiotic use d. Disinfectant use - ✔✔-b. Heat disinfection Listeriosis is COMMONLY associated with: a. Contaminated water b. Contaminated food c. Infected mice d. Infected birds - ✔✔-b. Contaminated food Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is caused by infection with: a. Dracunculus medinensis b. Staphylococcus aureus c. Escherichia coli 015 7:H7 d. Salmonella typhimurium - ✔✔-c. Escherichia coli 015 7:H7 The basic principles of disease control include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Lag phase b. Control of disease source c. Mode of transportaion d. Susceptibility - ✔✔-a. Lag phase Which of the following phrases MOST accurately describes the term endemic? a. Sporadic occurrence of an illness b. Illnesses that exceed expected levels c. All illnesses present at any one time d. Constant presence of an illness - ✔✔-d. Constant presence of an illness The interval between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symptom is called the: a. Transmission period b. Susceptible period c. Reactive period d. Incubation period - ✔✔-d. Incubation period An establishment known to have imminent health hazards is not closed by the inspecting regulatory authority. This example BEST fits the definition of a: a. Malfeasance b. Misfeasance c. Nonfeasance d. Controlling factor - ✔✔-c. Nonfeasance Vehicleborne, vectorborne, or airborne are all examples of: a. indirect mode of transmission b. Direct mode of transmission c. Hosts d. Life cycles - ✔✔-a. Indirect mode of transmission How is the term "contamination" defined when used in connection with a communicable disease? a. infection of an individual or animal with pathogenic organisms. b. Presence of pathogenic agents on a surface, article, or substance. c. Transfer of a vector, regardless of time of the nature of the host. d. Contact between two or more sources of infection. - ✔✔-b. Presence of pathogenic agents on a surface, article, or substance What is the MOST common contributing factor to foodborne illness a. Insect and rodent infestations b. Dirty equipment c. Incorrect labeling of containers d. improper holding temperatures - ✔✔-d. improper holding temperatures Why are some foods classified as time/temperature control for safety? a. They have Ph below 4.2 b. They have a water activity below 0.85 c. They support rapid growth of pathogenic microorganisms d. They require rapid and thorough cooking - ✔✔-c. They support rapid growth of pathogenic microorganisms Which food does not require refrigeration at 41 F (5 C)? a. Open container of garlic in oil b. Tofu c. Sliced/cut cantaloupe d. UHT creamers - ✔✔-UHT creamers What is the BEST means of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms in fresh meat? a. Topical use of approved hypochlorite solutions b. Exposure to ultraviolet light for 30 seconds c. Chemical preservatives d. Adequate refrigeration and cleanliness - ✔✔-d. Adequate refrigeration and cleanliness What is the MAXIMUM accumulated time that time/temperature control for safety food can safely be exposed to the temperature danger zone? a. 2 hours b. 4 hours c. 6 hours d. 8 hours - ✔✔-c. 6 hours If time only is used as public health control, the MAXIMUM period of time recommended by the FDA for time/temperature control for safety food to be held is: a. 2 hours b. 4 hours if the warmest part of the food item does not exceed 120 F c. 6 hours if the warmest part of the food item does not exceed 70 F d. This public health control is never permitted - ✔✔-c. 6 hours if the warmest part of the food item does not exceed 70 F What is the MINIMUM period of time that the FDA recommends employees wash their hands and arms to the elbow? a. 10 seconds b. 20 seconds c. 30 seconds d. 40 seconds - ✔✔-b. 20 seconds Unpasteurized eggs NOT intended for immediate services should be cooked to: a. 165 F for 15 seconds b. 155 F for 15 seconds c. 145 F for 15 seconds d. 140 F for one minute - ✔✔-b. 155 F for 15 seconds What is the usual mode of infection from Salmonella? a. ingestion of contaminated food b. Ingestion of contaminated water c. Contact with an active case d. Contact with fomites - ✔✔-a. Ingestion of contaminated food What is the source of scombroid poisoning? a. Histamines in muscle of fish b. Sprouted green potatoes c. Undercooked pork d. Rice contaminated with rodent feces - ✔✔-a. Histamines in the muscle of fish All of the following are signs of spoiled fish EXCEPT: a. Strong odor b. Elastic flesh c. Gray gills d. Sunken eyes - ✔✔-b. Elastic flesh Which of the following shellfish are most likely to cause illness? a. Oysters b. Crabs c. Shrimp d. Scallops - ✔✔-a. Oysters The laboratory reports a positive coliform test that exceeds permissible limits on a bottle of pasteurized milk. What does it indicate? a. Improper bactericidal treatment of the equipment b. Improper viricidal treatment of the equipment c. A contaminated water supply d. A contaminated food supply - ✔✔-a. Improper bactericidal treatment of the equipment What is the MOST effective practice for preventing trichinosis in people? a. Be certain that ground meat is freshly ground at the time of purchase b. Be sure that fresh pork is thoroughly cooked c. Avoid the consumption of ground meat products d. Cook steak until well done - ✔✔-b. Be sure that fresh pork is thoroughly cooked A HAACP plan is NOT required when: a. Smoking foods as a method of preservation b. Cooling and reheating TCS foods in bulk c. Performing reduced oxygen packaging d. Using food additives or adding other components to preserve food or render it non-TCS - ✔✔-b. Cooling and reheating TCS foods in bulk What should NOT be done with food samples collected during a foodborne illness investigation? a. Refrigerate b. Freeze c. Seal d. Label - ✔✔-b. Freeze What is the PRIMARY requirements in designing a food service facility? a. Durability b. Cleanability c. Appearance d. Convenience - ✔✔-b. Cleanability What is the MOST important rule of food storage? a. Follow the "first in, first out" rule b. Store products in order of "pull by" date c. Repacking dry foods into metal containers d. Store canned goods under refrigeration - ✔✔-a. Follow the "first in, first out" rule Insecticides/pesticides may be stored in all ways EXCEPT? a. In a metal locked cabinet b. On the lowest shelf in the storage room c. Above the dishwashing sinks d. In the basement separate from the food and other chemicals - ✔✔-c. Above the dishwashing sinks An employer is held liable for the torts of its employees committed within the scope of their employment. This is referred to as: a. Respondeat superior b. Parens patriae c. Substituted judgement d. Corporate privilege - ✔✔-a. Respondeat superior Performance of an authorized act in an unauthorized manner is called: a. Nonfeasance b. Misfeasance c. Malfeasance d. Disfeasance - ✔✔-b. Misfeasance An action authorized by law to restrict or prevent the movement of goods for the protection of public health, safety, and welfare is called an order of: a. Infunction b. Withoholding c. Embargo d. Seizure - ✔✔-c. Embargo What is the federal agency that regulates food additive? a. Center for Disease Control and Prevention b. Consumer Product Safety Commission c. Department of Agriculture d. Food and Drug Administration - ✔✔-d. Food and Drug Administration When a legal action is being prepared, one of the first steps a sanitarian should take is to: a. Obtain a warrant b. Obtain a court order c. Keep accurate records d. Check with other agencies - ✔✔-c. Keep accurate records What type of well is considered LEAST likely to become contaminated? a. Drilled b. Bored c. Driven d. Dug - ✔✔-a. Drilled Diatomaceous earth filters