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Lab Exercise 12 GENETICS WITH ANSWERS

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Student Learning Outcomes At the completion of this exercise you should: 1. Be able to determine the expected genotype and phenotype frequencies in offspring from a Mendelian dihybrid cross. 2. Be ... able to explain why the observed proportions of offspring phenotypes, in a given dihybrid cross, usually differ from the proportions “expected” (calculated using a Punnett square). 3. Be able to list seven observable Mendelian traits in humans. 4. Be able to describe the genetic basis for the ABO blood trait in terms of codominance and multiple alleles. 5. Be able to describe sex-linked and traits and how they differ from the inheritance of most other traits. Question 1. Before starting the lab work, define the terms below. If necessary, look these up in your biology textbook and print the definitions in the spaces below: A. Allele This refers to the different forms of genes B. Trait Refers to a genetically determined characteristic C. Gene A gene is a segment of DNA that controls the traits of an organism D. Dominant This is the genetic allele that masks the other if both are present E. Recessive This is the genetic allele that is masked by the other if both are present and its traits are observed only if homozygous. F. Homozygous This refers to a condition where an individual is in a position to inherit the same DNA sequence of a particular gene G. Heterozygous The state in which organisms inherit different forms of a gene from a parent gene H. Genotype Genotype refers to a complete set of inheritable genes that can be passed down from one individual to the other. It also refers to an organism's genetic makeup. [Show More]

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