Brain and Nervous System
CHRISTOPHER SIAWELESKIMajor Lobes
1. Frontal Lobe
2. Parietal Lobe
3. Temporal Lobe
4. Occipital LobeFrontal Lobe
Function(s)
The Frontal Lobe is
located in the front
side of the brain
...
Brain and Nervous System
CHRISTOPHER SIAWELESKIMajor Lobes
1. Frontal Lobe
2. Parietal Lobe
3. Temporal Lobe
4. Occipital LobeFrontal Lobe
Function(s)
The Frontal Lobe is
located in the front
side of the brain. It is
right above our eyes,
where our forehead is.
Carries out higher
mental processing
such as thinking,
decision making, and
planning.
The Frontal L:obe is also
in charge of our selfRegulation of
behaviors.Parietal Lobe
Function(s)
Can be divided into two
different functional regions:
1. Involves sensation and
perception of everything
in life
2. Involves with integrating
sensory input, primarily
with the visual system
Left parietal-temporal
lesions can impact verbal
memory and ability to recall
details
Right parietal-temporal
lesions can impact
perception of personality.
(Warrington & Weiskrantz,
1977).Temporal
Lobe
Function(s)
The Temporal Lobe is in
charge of procession
auditory information
from the ears and
eardrums.
The Limbic Lobe:
In charge of key
memories, learning,
and attention
processing structure.
(this is key to the
Temporal Lobes
primary functions)Occipital Lobe
Function(s)
Its primary function is to
deal with the
processing and visual
information perceived
from the eyes.
Within the Occipital
Lobe you can find the
visual cortex which is in
“charge of the learning
to see” process.The Sub-Cortex
1. Medulla: Reflex Control,
this part of the subcortex regulates
functions like heart rate,
breathing, and
swallowing without
having to physically
think about it.
2. Cerebellum: Located at
the base of the brain,
regulates posture
muscle
tone/coordination.
(tasks such as but not
limited to walking,
running or playing a
sport would not be
possible without the
cerebellum)The Sub-Cortex
1. Thalamus: Foot-Ball
Shaped acts as a
stopping point for
messages on its way to
the cortex. Information
such as hearing, taste,
and vision relay on the
thalamus.
2. Hypothalamus: Size of
on average thumb nail.
This part of the brain
impacts behaviors such
as sex, rage, hormone
releases, and
temperature control.
1. Usually the “final path”
for many different
behavior messages
leaving the brain.The Sub-Cortex
1. Limbic System:
Produces emptions
such as; rage, fear,
sexual response, and
other emotional
arousal.
2. Hippocampus: located
at the center of the
temporal lobes. It is in
charge of forming
lasting memories.Glial Cells
Microglial Cells- Acts as the brains “immune system”. It serves to protect
and fight against injures and disease.
These cells have shown to be of big importance when it comes down to the
development of the brain.
Myelin formers:
Schwann Cells (PNS: Peripheral Nervous System)
Another form of myelin sheaths that act as insulators for axons.
Oligodendrocytes (CNS: Central Nervous System)
Act as a “fatty substance” that wraps itself around axons to form layers of insulation.
AKA: “White Matter”
Astrocytes:
Act and aid to form the “BBB” – Blood Brain Barrier.Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS):
Made up of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):
All other nerves not connected to the CNS are
located in this nervous system.
Consists of two of the following:
Sensory Neurons: Runs from stimulus receptors in
which notifies the CNS of actions
Motor Neurons: Runs from CNS > muscles and
glands AKA “Effectors” that then take action.Nervous System
Autonomic System:
Consists of sensory neurons that run parallel to the
CNS.
Body parts that are affected by the Autonomic
system include:
Heart, Lungs, Viscera, Glands (Exocrine/Endocrine)
Somatic Nervous System:
Is a part of the Peripheral nervous system.
Responsible for movements we can control rather
than cant. (EX: Dancing or playing video games)Synaptic
TransmissionCells During “Action
Potential”
Sodium channels open up and positive
sodium cells rush into the cells.
Once the cells reach a certain
“threshold” the action potential will start
to fire.
This action either happens or it doesn’t.
Furthermore, this means that neurons will
always fire at their full strengths.References:
Coon, Dennis.(1989) Introduction to Psychology, Exploration and
Application. St. Paul: West Publishing Company, Retrieved from:
http://www.noteaccess.com/APPROACHES/ArtEd/ChildDev/1dSubcortex.
htm
Warrington, E., & Weiskrantz, L. (1973 ). An analysis of short-term and longterm memory defects in man. The Physiological Basis of Memory. New York:
Academic Press
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