IHI PS 101 Questions and Answers Already Passed

IHI PS 101 Questions and Answers Already Passed According to WHO, in developed countries worldwide, what is the approximate likelihood that a hospitalized patient will be the victim of some type of medical error? ✔✔10 ...

IHI PS 101 Questions and Answers Already Passed According to WHO, in developed countries worldwide, what is the approximate likelihood that a hospitalized patient will be the victim of some type of medical error? ✔✔10% According to WHO, in developed countries up to 10 percent of hospital patients may be harmed while receiving care. Since the publication of To Err is Human in 1999, the health care industry overall has seen which of the following improvements? ✔✔Wider awareness that preventable errors are a problem More than a decade after the publication of To Err Is Human, there is now wide recognition throughout health care that the number of errors is way too high. Although this awareness has not yet led to consistently lower rates of preventable medical error, progress is being made. Health care organizations have begun to realize and accept that most errors cannot be linked to the performance of individuals, but rather to the systems in which they function. Safety has been called a "dynamic non-event" because when humans are in a potentially hazardous environment: ✔✔It takes significant work to ensure nothing bad happens The best answer is it takes significant work to ensure nothing bad happens. When things go right in a potentially hazardous environment, nothing bad happens. But in order for this "non-event" of nothing going wrong to occur, a lot of things must be done right. Thus, safety has been described as a "dynamic non-event." To prevent this type of error from recurring in this unit, which of the following is MOST important? ✔✔An improved culture of safety and teamwork Had there been a culture of safety fostering better teamwork, this error may well have been prevented. In this case, when James asked Maria for help, she made him feel bad instead of being a team player. In this type of environment, James may be reluctant to ask for help, even if he is more closely supervised. We can generally assume that health care providers do not want to harm their patients, so the threat of punishment is not the best way to prevent mistakes. Although errors may occur when there is no recognized best practice, in the case of IV fluid replacement, clear recommendations do exist Who is likely to be negatively affected by this medical error? ✔✔All of the above The best answer is all of the above. Patients and families are not the only ones affected when a medical error occurs. In this case, James is likely to be devastated, and Maria may be affected as well. Some providers even leave their profession after committing errors leading to a death One hospital CEO insists on including performance data in the hospital's annual report. "We do very well on most measures, except for one or two, but we put those in anyway," she says. "We want to hold ourselves accountable." Does this practice demonstrate effective or ineffective leadership? ✔✔Effective leadership: Being transparent, even about poor results, is a mark of a good leader. Based on what you know, how would you classify the caregivers' behavior? ✔✔Human error A nurse who realized that his colleagues weren't consistently following up on patient results reported the problem to the clinic leadership right away. Which response would be most consistent with a culture of safety? ✔✔Investigating the problem and seeking systems solutions Why is psychological safety a crucial component of a culture of safety? ✔✔It allows people to learn from mistakes and near-misses, reducing the chances of further errors. A medical unit in a hospital is in the midst of hiring some new physicians. During an orientation for new employees, a senior leader stands up and says, "We expect that the same rules apply to everyone on the unit, regardless of position." Which aspect of a culture of safety does this unit seem to value? ✔✔Accountability Which of these is a behavior providers should adopt to improve patient safety? ✔✔Follow written safety protocols, even if they slow you down. Which of the following should you keep in mind as your hospital redesigns the way it handles knee replacements? ✔✔How system components are integrated with one another is as important as how well they function independently. Which of the following is typically true of "weak signals"? ✔✔They can combine with other human or environmental factors to result in catastrophe. The term "normalized deviance" refers to: ✔✔Acceptance of events that are initially allowed because no catastrophic harm appears to result. You meet with the nurse administrator responsible for improvement when issues in the process of care are identified by those on the wards. She listens carefully to your concern, but in the end says she can only try to help improve nursing issues, and not those that extend to pharmacy or transport. The primary reason your meeting is unlikely to lead to an adequate solution is: ✔✔The nurse administrator did not have the appropriate span of responsibility to engage the system components needed to solve the problem.