Anesthesia
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For patients undergoing surgical or medical procedures, different levels of sedation can provide important benefits • to facilitate procedural interventions. These levels of sedation range from ... anxiolysis to general anesthesia and can create: • Sedation and reduced anxiety • Lack of awareness and amnesia • Skeletal muscle relaxation • Suppression of undesirable reflexes • Analgesia General anesthesia is a reversible state of central nervous system (CNS) depression, causing loss of response to and perception of stimuli. • Because no single agent provides all desired objectives, several categories of drugs are combined to produce the optimum level of sedation required adjunct agents) Adjunct agents • H 2 blockers to reduce gastric acidity • Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam ) to relieve anxiety and facilitate amnesia • Nonopioids or opioids (e.g., fentanyl ) for analgesia • Antihistamines to prevent allergic reactions • Antiemetics to prevent nausea • Anticholinergics e.g., atropine ) to prevent bradycardia and secretion of fluids into the respiratory tract • Neuromuscular blockers to provide muscle relaxation. Pre medications facilitate smooth induction of anesthesia and lower required anesthetic doses. [Show More]
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Dec 06, 2023
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