Adipose tissues store enormous amounts of triacylglycerols for metabolic fuel.
The adipose tissue is specialized for the esterification of fatty acids and for their
release from triacylglycerols.
In human beings,
...
Adipose tissues store enormous amounts of triacylglycerols for metabolic fuel.
The adipose tissue is specialized for the esterification of fatty acids and for their
release from triacylglycerols.
In human beings, the liver is the major site of fatty acid synthesis;
i.e fatty acids are esterified in the liver to form triacylglycerol and are
transported to the adipose tissue in lipoprotein particles, such as very low
density lipoproteins.
Triacylglycerols are first hydrolyzed by an extracellular lipoprotein lipase
stimulated by insulin
The adipose cells need glucose for the synthesis of triacylglycerols
Glucose is catabolized to dihydroxyacetone phosphate which is reduced to
glycerol-3-phosphate, an intermediate in lipid biosynthesis
Metabolic Patterns of the Adipose tissue The release of the first fatty acid from a triacylglycerol, the rate-limiting step, is
catalyzed by a hormone-sensitive lipase that is reversibly phosphorylated
The hormone epinephrine stimulates the formation of cyclic AMP
Cyclic AMP is an intracellular messenger which activates a protein kinase
Triacylglycerols in adipose cells are continually being hydrolyzed and
resynthesized
Glycerol derived from their hydrolysis is exported to the liver.
Most of the fatty acids formed on hydrolysis are re-esterified if glycerol 3-
phosphate is abundant.
However, they are released into the plasma if glycerol 3-phosphate is scarce
because of insufficient quantities of glucose
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