*NURSING > Study Notes > Liver and Kidneys Metabolism (All)

Liver and Kidneys Metabolism

Document Content and Description Below

Adipose tissues store enormous amounts of triacylglycerols for metabolic fuel.  The adipose tissue is specialized for the esterification of fatty acids and for their release from triacylglycerols... .  In human beings, the liver is the major site of fatty acid synthesis;  i.e fatty acids are esterified in the liver to form triacylglycerol and are transported to the adipose tissue in lipoprotein particles, such as very low density lipoproteins.  Triacylglycerols are first hydrolyzed by an extracellular lipoprotein lipase stimulated by insulin  The adipose cells need glucose for the synthesis of triacylglycerols  Glucose is catabolized to dihydroxyacetone phosphate which is reduced to glycerol-3-phosphate, an intermediate in lipid biosynthesis Metabolic Patterns of the Adipose tissue The release of the first fatty acid from a triacylglycerol, the rate-limiting step, is catalyzed by a hormone-sensitive lipase that is reversibly phosphorylated  The hormone epinephrine stimulates the formation of cyclic AMP  Cyclic AMP is an intracellular messenger which activates a protein kinase  Triacylglycerols in adipose cells are continually being hydrolyzed and resynthesized  Glycerol derived from their hydrolysis is exported to the liver.  Most of the fatty acids formed on hydrolysis are re-esterified if glycerol 3- phosphate is abundant.  However, they are released into the plasma if glycerol 3-phosphate is scarce because of insufficient quantities of glucose [Show More]

Last updated: 2 years ago

Preview 1 out of 17 pages

Buy Now

Instant download

We Accept: