Chapter 26—PLANT NUTRITION AND TRANSPORT. All Answers

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1. Plants in general require a total of how many essential elements for their growth and survival? a. 6 b. 12 c. 16 d. 22 e. 28 : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Wher... e do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 2. What is the inorganic soil constituent with the finest particles? a. clay b. gravel c. humus d. sand e. silt : a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 3. What is the organic constituent of soil called? a. clay b. gravel c. humus d. sand e. silt : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 4. Humus does not include: a. feces b. dead organisms c. leaf litter d. weathered rock e. decomposing organic matter : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember Selecting the Exception 5. Four of the five s listed below are macronutrients. Select the exception. a. phosphorus b. sulfur c. nitrogen d. copper e. magnesium : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember OTHER: Selecting the Exception 6. Four of the five s listed below are related by their participation in water movement through plants. Select the exception. a. hydrogen bonds b. transpiration c. cohesion d. tension e. phytoremediation : e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand OTHER: Selecting the Exception 7. Four of the five s listed below are related to phloem. Select the exception. a. companion cells b. sieve tubes c. translocation d. sucrose e. conducting tubes that are dead : e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember OTHER: Selecting the Exception 8. Four of the five s listed below are sinks for sugar deposition. Select the exception. a. immature fruits b. roots c. leaves d. immature seeds e. shoots : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand OTHER: Selecting the Exception NOTES: Modified 9. Four of the five s below are soil contaminants that can be phytoremediated by plants. Select the exception. a. nitrogen b. lead c. arsenic d. mercury e. trichloroethylene : a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.7 Application: Leafy cleanup KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember OTHER: Selecting the Exception 10. Which soil component(s) have a negative charge that attracts positively charged mineral ions in soil water? a. sand b. silt and sand c. clay d. humus e. clay and humus : e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 11. What conditions favor humus buildup? a. well aerated soil b. low water content soil c. plant-sparse areas such as deserts d. waterlogged soil e. high clay content soil : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 12. Which term describes soil with roughly equal proportions of sand, silt, and clay? a. humus b. loam c. topsoil d. A horizon e. B horizon : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 13. ____ is the process by which water removes and carries away soil nutrients. a. Erosion b. Diffusion c. Leaching d. Water dilution effect e. Absorption : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 14. Which soil layer is rich with decomposed organic material? a. H Horizon b. A Horizon c. B Horizon d. C Horizon e. bedrock : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 15. Which soil layer, containing no organic matter, is composed of weathered rock fragments? a. O Horizon b. A Horizon c. B Horizon d. C Horizon e. bedrock : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.1 Where do plants get the nutrients they require? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 16. The water and minerals absorbed by the roots usually first enter the: a. pericycle b. vascular tissue c. cortex d. epidermis e. endodermis : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.2 How do plant roots absorb water and nutrients? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 17. Most soil water moves from epidermis to vascular cylinder by: a. diffusing through root cell walls and then actively transported through cortex cells b. enter a cell wall’s cytoplasm only through transport proteins in its plasma membrane c. diffusing through root cell walls d. diffusing through root cell walls and then move through plasmodesmata e. actively transported into root cells and then move through plasmodesmata : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.2 How do plant roots absorb water and nutrients? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New 18. What prevents soil water from diffusing through endodermal cell walls? a. the primary xylem forms a border around the endoderm b. endodermal cell tight junctions c. endodermal cell wall transport proteins d. the Casparian strip e. a cuticle : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.2 How do plant roots absorb water and nutrients? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 19. What is the waxy, waterproof band between the plasma membranes of root endodermal cells? a. cuticle b. plasmodesmata c. root cell wall d. lignin wall e. the Casparian strip : e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.2 How do plant roots absorb water and nutrients? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 20. Mineral uptake in plants occurs by way of: a. leaves b. roots c. stems d. phloem e. flowers : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.2 How do plant roots absorb water and nutrients? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 21. The Casparian strip is associated with: a. the epidermis b. vascular tissue c. cortex d. root hairs e. the endodermis : e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.2 How do plant roots absorb water and nutrients? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand 22. In a mycorrhizal relationship, fungi supply ____ and plants supply ____. a. water; sugars b. minerals; starch c. minerals; sugars and nitrogen-rich compounds d. sugars; minerals and water e. nitrogen; minerals : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.3 What mutualisms affect root function? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 23. What would be the effects of the accidental seepage of fungicide into the soils surrounding a plant in a mycorrhizal relationship? a. The plant would die. b. The plant's water and mineral supply would slow down. c. The plant's leaves would become yellow. d. There would be no change in the plant. e. The plant would lose its nitrogen-fixing partner. : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.3 What mutualisms affect root function? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply 24. Nodules found on the roots of some plants are involved in supplying which element for the plant? a. aluminum b. boron c. magnesium d. nitrogen e. chlorine : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.3 What mutualisms affect root function? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 25. What best describes mycorrhizae? a. a type of root hair b. involved in bacteria-root associations c. involved in fungus-root associations d. bacteria e. small animals found in agricultural soils : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.3 What mutualisms affect root function? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified 26. Evaporation exerts tension on the narrow columns of water that fill xylem tubes. The tension occurs because liquid water has ____. a. cohesion due to hydrogen bonds b. cohesion due to ionic bonds c. translocation of sugars d. pressure due to compression within xylem e. high oxygen content due to soil conditions : a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New 27. What causes transpiration? a. hydrogen bonding b. the drying power of air c. cohesion d. turgor pressure e. tension : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 28. If houseplants must be left unattended for a length of time, some people recommend placing plastic bags over them. What is the reasoning behind this? a. Water tension will decrease. b. The plants won't freeze. c. Photosynthesis will increase because of trapped carbon dioxide. d. Transpiration will be slowed and more water will be retained in the soil. e. The bag will trap oxygen. : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply NOTES: Modified 29. Most of the water that enters the plant: a. leaves the plant through the root system b. is lost through transpiration c. remains in the plant to form the high concentration of water in plant tissue d. remains in the plant to function in translocation e. is used up in cellular metabolism : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand 30. Which theory explains how hydrogen bonding allows water molecules to maintain a continuous fluid column as water is pulled from roots to leaves? a. pressure flow b. evaporation c. cohesion-tension d. abscission e. fusion : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 31. Water inside xylem is pulled upward by: a. turgor pressure b. tension c. osmotic gradients d. pressure flow forces e. translocation : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified 32. As xylem tissue is forming, its still-living cells deposit secondary wall material on the inner surface of their primary wall, but do not cover over the ____. a. perforation plates b. pits c. pectins d. vessel elements e. plasmodesmata : e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: New 33. Most xylem vessels in angiosperms consist of stacked vessel elements, water flows vertically through ____ and laterally through ____. a. phloem; xylem b. vessel elements; tracheids c. tracheids; vessel elements d. perforation plates; pits e. pits; plasmodesmata : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.4 How does water move through xylem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New 34. The stomata: a. only open at night b. are open when guard cells are swollen with water c. close when the osmotic pressure of guard cells increases d. are covered by the cuticle to reduce water loss e. open and close in response to sunlight only : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.5 How do land plants conserve water? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified 35. If the cuticle is removed from a leaf, it will: a. be unable to photosynthesize b. be unable to carry on transpiration c. lose water by evaporation and wilt d. lose water by cohesion and die e. turn yellow : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.5 How do land plants conserve water? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand 36. The openings in leaves that function to exchange gases are called: a. cuticles b. stomata c. guard cells d. pits e. pores : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.5 How do land plants conserve water? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 37. The cells that surround stomata are: a. endodermal cells b. guard cells c. mesophyll cells d. vascular bundle cells e. vessel cells : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.5 How do land plants conserve water? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 38. Sugars leave the source region and immediately enter into a ____, followed by direct movement into the ____. a. pit, perforation plate b. companion cell; sieve element c. pit, vessel element d. plasmodesmata, sink e. phloem tube, companion cell : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New 39. At a low sugar region of a plant, sugars move from ____ into ____. a. sieve elements; source cells b. sieve elements; sink cells c. xylem; phloem d. phloem; source cells e. the low pressure phloem; the high pressure plant tissue : b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: New 40. Large pressure gradients arise in sieve tube systems by means of: a. evaporation b. tension c. osmosis d. transpiration e. cohesion : c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 41. Movement of soluble organic material through plants is known as: a. translocation b. active transport c. passive transport d. transpiration e. cohesion-tension : a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified 42. Sugars are usually carried throughout the plant in which tissue? a. cortex b. parenchyma c. xylem d. phloem e. cambium : d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 26.6 How do sugars move through phloem? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 43. Sieve tubes are different from vessel members in that they: a. carry water, not food b. are not connected to each other c. are alive d. do not require companion cells e. have pits in their walls 44. The movement of materials already in the phloem can be described using the term(s): a. source-to-sink only b. pressure flow only c. cohesion only d. both active transport and cohesion e. both source-to-sink and pressure flow 45. The source region in the pressure flow theory of phloem transport is most often the: a. root b. flower c. stem d. leaf e. soil 46. As a result of an increase in phloem solute concentration near a source area, the fluid in the sieve element becomes ____. a. hypotonic b. hypertonic c. low turgor d. low-sugar e. dilute 47. What is phytoremediation? a. Replanting areas where tree populations have been killed by environmental contaminants. b. The use of bacteria to degrade environmental contaminants. c. Treating contaminated trees to remove their buildup of environmental contaminants. d. The use of plants to take up and concentrate or degrade environmental contaminants. e. Using fast growing plant species to enrich poor soil that resulted from environmental contaminants to improve fertility of the area. 48. What are the two important symbiotic relationships involving plant roots? 49. How do translocation and transpirational flow differ? 50. What combination of sand, silt, and clay make the best soil conditions? Why? 51. How is the Casparian strip of the endoderm protective? 52. Why do sieve elements require companion cells? 53. How are poplar trees being used to remove the toxin TCE from the soil at J-field? 54. Figure 26.7 Water transport in plants. the following questions related to the accompanying figure. 1. What process is occurring in A? 2. What process is occurring in B? 3. How is the movement in B related to the process in A? What force pulls water upwards in xylem, as seen in B? 4. What process is occurring in C? What force draws water from the soil, into xylem? 5. What is the name of the theory that explains water flow in xylem? 55. Figure 26.10 Translocation in phloem. the following questions related to the accompanying figure. 1. Label the cells of phloem. A:____ and B:____. 2. Label the source and sink. C:____ and D:____. 3. What are E and F? 4. Provide a brief description of the main steps involved in the pressure flow theory. 5. What effect would drought have on sugar transport? Choose the one most appropriate letter for each. a. theory of water movement through the xylem b. pipelines of the xylem c. a mutually beneficial association between a fungus and a young root d. structures on roots that house nitrogen-fixing bacteria e. pipelines of the phloem f. evaporation from stems and leaves g. actively transport sucrose into sieve tube members h. theory of sugar movement through phloem REFERENCES: Chapter 26 KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember 56. companion cells : g POINTS: 1 57. pressure flow theory : h POINTS: 1 58. mycorrhiza : c POINTS: 1 59. nodules : d POINTS: 1 60. sieve tube members : e POINTS: 1 61. cohesion-tension : a POINTS: 1 62. tracheids and vessel elements : b POINTS: 1 63. transpiration : f POINTS: 1 the question(s) in reference to the five processes listed below. a. transpiration b. phytoremediation c. translocation d. leaching e. erosion REFERENCES: Chapter 26 KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember OTHER: Classification Questions 64. the movement of sucrose in plants : c POINTS: 1 65. the loss of water from plants : a POINTS: 1 66. loss of nutrients from soil, often by water flow : d POINTS: 1 67. loss of soil by wind or water : e POINTS: 1 68. reduction of contaminants in soil by plants : b POINTS: 1 [Show More]

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