American American Military University MILITARY SEJPME 1JESPME 1 POST TEST 5. Updated and revised

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1) Which organization is the principal policy-making forum responsible for the nation's security strategy? Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Department of Defense (DoD) Natio... nal Security Council (NSC) U.S. Congress 2) In crisis response and limited contingency operations, having an understanding of the political objective helps to _____. prevent the commander from having to explain the plan to the President avoid actions that may have adverse effects assure friends and allies and dissuade adversaries ensure the integration and synchronization of maneuver and interdiction 3) What is the role of the U.S. Armed Forces today? (Select all that apply.) to train forces to retain forces to organize forces to equip forces 4) The _____ is the principal forum to advise the President with respect to the integration of domestic, foreign, and military policies relating to national security and for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. National Security Council Homeland Security Council Foreign Affairs Council National Economic Council 5) Between 1777 and 1778, Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben taught the Continental Army what aspects of war? (Select all that apply.) drill formations proper care of equipment bayonet usage rifle cartridges loading 6) The purpose of the _____ principle of joint operations is to allocate minimum essential combat power to secondary efforts. restraint surprise unity of command economy of force 7) Which of the following are expected of every Marine in battle? (Select all that apply.) resolution competence courage no wounded or dead Marine will ever be left on the field or unattended, regardless of the cost of bringing him in 8) The cornerstone of the Special Forces Group's capability is the _____, a highly trained team of 12 Special Forces Green Berets. Army Special Operations Aviation (ARSOA) Military Information Support Operations Command (MISOC) Operational Detachment-Alpha (ODA) Ranger Regiment 9) The _____ is an integrative and holistic framework to better understand, assess, and maintain the fitness of the joint force. Total Force Fitness (TFF) Program Performance Evaluation Program Wounded Warrior Program Physical Fitness Testing (PFT) Program 10) The comprehensive doctrine of air warfare supported the conclusion that high-altitude, daylight bombing of an enemy's war-supporting industries and transportation systems could win a war. True False 11) Exposure to stressful situations, trauma, and combat will cause a response and resulting change. These responses and changes will all be negative. True False 12) Leaders at all levels must ensure that professional conduct and ethical behavior includes the use of "private" social media accounts. True False 13) The Army aids in shaping the international environment through an extensive forward presence in which of the following? Balkans, Middle East, Europe, Southwest Asia, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan Europe, Southwest Asia, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan Europe, Asia, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan 14) (Title: Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower: 07010201) Deploying the U.S. Navy to stop pirates from raiding shipping lanes in the Indian Ocean would fall under which fundamental role of the National Naval Strategy? (Select all that apply.) establishing favorable security conditions securing the United States from direct attack strengthening exciting and emerging alliances and partnerships securing strategic access and retaining global freedom of action 15) The difficulty some units face adapting their mindset to vastly changed conditions on their third or fourth deployment to the same location is known as _____ challenges. transition rotation situational awareness influence 16) Within the joint environment, cooperation requires team players, and the willingness to share _____ with all team members. ideas credit effort workload 17) Reconnaissance and surveillance actions normally conducted in a clandestine or covert manner to collect or verify information of strategic or operational significance, employing military capabilities not normally found in conventional forces are called _____. These actions acquire information concerning the capabilities, intentions and activities of an enemy. strategic reporting special reconnaissance unconventional warfare foreign internal defense 18) Which of the following are keys to success in joint assignments? (Select all that apply.) Checking the work of members from other Services Knowing the people around you Having competence in your area of the Service Knowing how to solve problems 19) The Department of State assigns a ______ to combatant commanders, and increasingly to Join Task Force commanders, to provide foreign policy perspective and diplomatic consideration, establishes linkage with U.S. embassies in the area of responsibility or joint operations area and the Department of State. Political Advisor (POLAD) Liaison Officer (LNO) Joint Interagency Coordination Group (JIACG) Chief of Mission (COM) 20) Who are the caretakers of naval customs, traditions, honors, and ceremonies? chief petty officers commanders admirals 21) The _____ outranks all other officers of the Armed Forces, but may not exercise military command over any of the Armed Forces. This officer is the principal military advisor to the President, the National Security Council, and the Secretary of Defense. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Supreme Allied Commander War Czar Combatant Commander 22) The vetting process for participation in multinational operations serves as a mechanism to _____. force all participants to authorize full range of employment of their forces increase perceived legitimacy of operations domestically and internationally support and enhance individual efforts minimize clashes that may occur between intergovernmental agencies 23) Which of the following are primary functions of the Marine Corps according to DoD Directive 5100.01? provide detachments and organizations to serve on armed vessels of the Navy and provide security detachments for naval stations and bases conduct prompt and sustained combat operations at sea, including sea-based and land-based aviation organize, equip, and provide Marine Corps forces to conduct joint amphibious operations and train all forces assigned to joint amphibious operations all of the answers are correct 24) Developing and maintaining professional relationships with multinational partner's means _____. recognizing that their training and education may differ, but it does not mean they are less dedicated or professional continually reinforcing our standards upon them continuously demonstrating our superiority over them treating them as professionals with limited skills 25) Which reserve mobilization authority provides the President a means to activate, without a declaration of national emergency, not more than 200,000 reservists for not more than 365 days to meet the support requirements of any operational mission? partial mobilization (PM) selective mobilization (SM) SECDEF call-up (SCU) presidential reserve call-up (PRC) 26) _____ are operations require independent actions involving a high degree of professionalism, self-discipline, flexibility, patience, and tact. Peacekeeping operations Humanitarian assistance operations Major combat operations Support for civil authorities 27) The abilities of the Coast Guard to operate in severe weather conditions, 24 hours a day, year round, are called? Search and Rescue missions Marine Safety missions Defense Readiness missions Deepwater missions 28) The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) works with the combatant commanders (CCDRs) of the _____. (Select all that apply.) None of the answers are correct United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) United States Pacific Command (USPACOM) 29) Which of the following define the best benefits of versatility in aerospace power? (Select all that apply.) versatility in parallel operations produce shock, confusion, and paralysis within the adversary's system versatility allows aerospace forces to be employed at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels versatility allows air operations to shift quickly and decisively from one campaign objective to another 30) Effective joint learning relies on close coordination of training and education. As individuals _____ within their military specialties, they acquire the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for positions of increased responsibilities. deploy get promoted gain position mature and develop 31) In the name of strategic mobility, the Marine Corps adopted prepositioning for which of the following purposes? amphibious assault provide materiel needed to sustain a brigade for 30 days in a potential combat zone speed and dispersion 32) The offering of ceremonial toasts is a traditional Army custom at a formal Dining-In, which includes passing the wine, "over the water," an historical reference to King James I, who was exiled by Oliver Cromwell. True False 33) _____ is key to successful employment, readiness, and use of Reserve Component forces. Transformation Training Adaptability Predictability 34) Which of the following is NOT one of the Special Operations Forces Truths? SOF cannot be mass produced competent SOF cannot be created after emergencies occur humans are more important than hardware quantity always beats quality 35) The primary responsibilities of the Air Force Reserve Components, the Air Force Reserve, and the Air National Guard include airlift and air refueling. True False 36) _____ presents fundamental principles that guide the employment of U.S. military forces in coordinated and integrated action toward a common objective. It represents what is taught, believed, and advocated as what is right (i.e., what works best). Strategic direction Operational design Joint doctrine Law of warfare 37) By virtue of their familiarity in a foreign country or region, _____ are a valuable source of information for a Joint Task Force commander who may have neither access to nor current information about the affected country or region. multinational forces liaison teams IGOs and NGOs USG agencies 38) _____ is the process used to mitigate operational risks. Although created with military operations in mind, these procedures can be used to plan other activities. Operational resource management Operational risk management Risk assurance Risk avoidance 39) Under what circumstances may the Coast Guard be transferred to and operate as a service of the Navy? (Select all that apply.) upon a declaration of war when directed by the President when ordered by the Secretary of Defense 40) In the Chairman's White Paper, "Mission Command" (2012), "_____ equips decision-makers at all levels with the insight and foresight to make effective decisions, to manage associated risks, and to consider second and subsequent order effects." commander's intent intuition intelligence assessments understanding 41) The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff provides a channel of communication between the President/SECDEF and the combatant commanders. True False 42) Multinational forces interact with a variety of entities requiring unified actions. These entities include, but are not limited to, _____. for profit relief agencies local media agencies intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) non state actors 43) The joint force commander has the operational authority and responsibility to tailor forces for the mission at hand, selecting those that most effectively and efficiently ensure success. True False 44) The main difference between Dining-In and Dining-Out for members of the Air Force is that spouses and other non-military guests may attend a Dining-In. True False 45) Which of the following honors can be bestowed upon a service member of the Coast Guard? (Select all that apply.) Bronze Life-Saving Medal Silver Life-Saving Medal Ancient Mariner Ancient Albatross 46) The earliest form of the Coast Guard began on 4 August 1790, when President George Washington authorized the construction of ten vessels to _____. provide rescue to passengers of damaged or sinking ships defend the coastal waters and harbors of the United States map the coastal territories of the United States prevent smuggling 47) There are a total of how many Reserve Components in the Armed Forces of the United States? 8 5 6 7 48) _____ is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. It includes authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish missions assigned to the command. Tactical Control (TACON) Combatant Command (COCOM) Operational Control (OPCON) Administrative Control (ADCON) 49) Receiving realistic training, understanding the types of situations encountered in war, eating well, getting enough rest, and having meaningful relationships and friendships are all helpful in building _____ to the challenges and strains of military service. resilience opposition vulnerability indifference 50) The post-Vietnam Maritime Strategy called for the positioning of strong Naval forces along the seaward flanks of the Soviet Union in what locations? (Select all that apply.) the Mediterranean Sea northern Europe the Black Sea the Far East The statutory members of the National Security Council are pres, vise pres, sec of state, sec of def, and sec of energy. The National Security Council is the president's principal forum for considering national security policy matters with his senior National Security advisors and cabinet officials. The operational chain of command runs directly from the President to the Secretary of Defense and then to the Combatant Commanders. The non-operational chain of command runs directly from the President to the Secretary of Defense and then to the Secretaries of the Military Departments and then to the Service Chiefs. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff outrank all other officers in the armed forces but may not exercise military command over any of the Armed Forces this officer is the principal military advisor to the president the National Security Council and the security of Defense. A unified or specified command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander established and so designated by the President, through the SECDEF, and with the advice and assistance of the CJCS is called a combatant command. A Joint Task Force (JTF) is a joint force that is constituted and so designated by the SECDEF, a combatant commander, a subordinate unified commander, or an existing JTF commander to accomplish missions with specific, limited objectives and which do not require overall centralized control of logistics. It is dissolved when the purpose for which it was created has been achieved or when it is no longer required. The term joint force commander refers exclusively to the following three (3) types of commanders: a combatant commander, subordinate unified commander, or joint task force commanders: a combatant commander, subordinate unified commander, or joint task force commander Joint force air component commander (JFACC), joint force land component commander (JFLCC), and joint force maritime component commander (JFMCC) are all examples of functional component commanders. These commands are established by combatant commanders when authorized by the SECDEF through the CJCS to conduct operations on a continuing basis in accordance with the criteria set forth for unified commands. They may be established on a geographic area basis such as United States Forces Japan or on a functional basis such as Special Operations Command, Pacific. Subordinate unified commands Combatant Commanders exercise Combatant Command (COCOM) (command authority) over assigned forces. This is the broadest command authority and may NOT be delegated or transferred The four categories of support are general, mutual, direct, and close Command authority over assigned or attached forces or commands, or military capability or forces made available for tasking, that is limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or maneuvers within the operational area necessary to accomplish missions or tasks assigned is known as Tactical Control (TACON) The command authority established by a superior commander between subordinate commanders when one organization should aid, protect, complement, or sustain another force is called support. Which of the following are instruments of national power - Diplomatic, Informational, Military, and Economic The relevance of the interagency process at the strategic level to the combatant commander and the US military is that the process yields America’s major national security policy decisions. True Joint interagency coordination Group (JIACG) – provides commanders with an increased capability to coordinate with other US Government agencies. Annex V - the part of the CCDR's operation plan that specifies not only the capabilities that military planners have determined the military may need, but also the interagency partners' shared understanding of the situation, as well as the common objectives required to resolve the situation. Interagency coordination is the interaction that occurs between agencies of the U.S. Government, including the Department of Defense for the purpose of achieving an objective. What are key criticisms of the interagency process? time consuming, cumbersome, and no one is in charge except the president Which of the following options represent the Statutory Advisors of the National Security Council? Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Director of National Intelligence. The national Security Council comprises these three levels of formal interagency committees for coordinating and making decisions on national security issues. Principals, Deputies, and Interagency Policy The concept of unified action highlights the synergistic application of all the instruments of national power and includes the actions of non-military organizations as well as military forces. U.S. military forces are authorized under certain conditions to provide assistance to U.S. civil authorities for disasters, catastrophes, infrastructure protection, and other emergencies, and this assistance is known as civil support within the defense community because the assistance will always be in support of a lead federal agency. It is imperative that the combatant commander or JTF commander coordinate closely with the Ambassador on military activities in a particular country because, while not authorized to command military forces, he or she can deny military actions. The Country Team provides for rapid interagency consultation and action on recommendations from the field and DOD is normally represented on the Country Team by the defense attaché and the security assistance (cooperation) organization. The Joint Interagency Coordination Group (JIACG) is an interagency staff group that establishes or enhances regular, timely, and collaborative working relationships between other government agencies (e.g., CIA, DOS, FBI), representatives, and military operational planners at the combatant commander. NGOs are independent, diverse, flexible, grassroots-focused, primary relief providers that are frequently on the scene before the U.S. military and will most likely remain long after military forces have departed. In most situations, IGOs and NGOs need the following military capabilities: logistics, communications, and security The JTF commander facilitates unified action and gains a greater understanding of the roles of IGOs and NGOs and how they influence mission accomplishment by establishing a Civil-Military Operations Center (CMOC) A particular type of operation is not doctrinally fixed and could shift within the range of military operations, for example a counterinsurgency operation escalating from a security cooperation activity into a major operation or campaign. True The range of military operations includes these three categories of operations: (1) military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence; (2) crisis response and limited contingency operations; and major operations and campaigns These operations are typically limited in scope and scale and conducted to achieve a very specific objective in an operational area. They include noncombatant evacuation operations, peace operations, foreign humanitarian assistance, recovery operations, consequence management, strikes, raids, homeland defense, and defense support of civil authorities. Crisis response and limited contingency operations Various joint operations such as a show of force or sanctions enforcement support deterrence by demonstrating national resolve and willingness to use force when necessary. The purpose of specifying the objective is to direct every military operation toward a clearly defined, decisive, and achievable goal. The purpose of mass is to concentrate the effects of combat power at the most advantageous place and time to produce decisive results. Combatant commanders and subordinate joint force commanders must work with U.S. ambassadors (or diplomatic missions), Department of State, and other agencies to best integrate the military actions with the diplomatic, economic, and informational instruments of national power to promote unity of effort The purpose of legitimacy is to develop and maintain legal and moral authority in the conduct of operation and the will necessary to attain the national strategic end state. It is based on the legality, morality, and rightness of the actions undertaken Deterrence helps prevent adversary action through the presentation of a credible threat of counteraction. It stems from the belief of a potential aggressor that a credible threat of retaliation exists, the contemplated action cannot succeed, or the costs outweigh any possible gains. At the strategic level, emergency preparedness encompasses those planning activities, such as continuity of operations and continuity of government, undertaken to ensure DOD processes, procedures, and resources are in place to support the President and SECDEF in a designated national security emergency. Combating terrorism involves actions taken to oppose terrorism from wherever the threat exists, and encompasses antiterrorism —defensive measures taken to reduce vulnerability to terrorist acts—and counterterrorism —offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, preempt, and respond to terrorism. An operations that employ coercive measures to interdict the movement of certain types of designated items into or out of a nation or specified area is known as enforcement. The DOD contribution to a unified action effort to support and augment the development of the capacity and capability of foreign security forces and their supporting institutions to facilitate the achievement of specific objectives shared by the USG is called security force assistance. Operations designed to demonstrate U.S. resolve, and involve the appearance of a credible military force in an attempt to defuse a situation that, if allowed to continue, may be detrimental to U.S. interests are known as show of force operations Joint force commanders must integrate and synchronize offensive, defensive, and stability operations that comprise major operations and campaigns. Planning for stability operations should begin when joint operation planning is initiated. Although defense may be the stronger force posture, it is the offense that is normally decisive in combat. Therefore, commanders will normally seek to transition to the decisive operations at the earliest opportunity. Major operation and campaign plans must feature a(n) appropriate balance between offensive, defensive, and stability operations in all phases. Joint force commanders strive to isolate enemies by denying them allies and sanctuary. The intent is to strip away as much enemy support or freedom of action as possible, while limiting the enemy's potential for horizontal or vertical escalation Preplanned, deterrence-oriented actions carefully tailored to bring an issue to early resolution without armed conflict are known as flexible deterrent options. A joint military operation conducted either as a major operation or a part of a larger campaign to seize and hold a military lodgment in the face of armed opposition for the continuous landing of forces is called forcible entry. These operations may include amphibious, airborne, and air assault operations, or any combination thereof. The ultimate measure of success in peace building is political, not military. Therefore, joint force commanders seek a clear understanding of the national and coalition strategic end state and how military operations support that end state. The responsibility to plan and coordinate U.S. government efforts in stabilization and reconstruction has been assigned to Department of State. Pursuant to Executive Order 12656, the Department of State is responsible for the protection and evacuation of American citizens abroad and for safeguarding their property. Military operations that apply military force or threaten its use, normally pursuant to international authorization, to compel compliance with resolutions or sanctions designed to maintain or restore peace and order are known as peace enforcement operations. In foreign humanitarian assistance operations, commanders usually establish a civil-military operations center (CMOC) because it is critical to working with the participating intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Operations conducted to search for, locate, identify, recover, and return isolated personnel, sensitive equipment, items critical to national security, or human remains are known as recovery operations. A military operation to temporarily seize an area, usually through forcible entry, in order to secure information, confuse an adversary, capture personnel or equipment, or destroy an objective or capability is called a raid. It ends with a planned withdrawal upon completion of the assigned mission. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is an example of a(n) alliance. key considerations involved in planning and conducting multinational operations are affected by motives and values of the organization’s member. Factors that enhance interoperability are a command atmosphere permitting positive criticism and rewarding the sharing of information Factors affecting military capabilities of nations include leader development and national interest When employing local national support, appropriate security measures should be taken to ensure that contracted linguists do not jeopardize operations through espionage. During the conduct of military operations multinational personnel must be able to properly control, maintain, protect and account for all detainees according to applicable domestic law regardless of their category. The primary function of the Services and Special Operations Command is to provide forces, each of which is organized, trained and equipped to perform specific roles. True What is the Army’s primary role? To train and equip itself for the overwhelming and synchronized application of land combat power Army Special Operations missions can include which of the following? Humanitarian assistance, training, major combat operations What are the fundamental roles of the U.S. Navy Marine Corps and Coast Guard in the implementation of the National Security strategy? Secure the US from direct attack, secure strategic access and retain global freedom of action, strengthen existing and emerging alliances and partnerships, establish favorable security conditions These capabilities comprise the core of U.S. maritime power and reflect an increase in emphasis on those activities that prevent war and build partnerships: Forward Presence, Deterrence, Sea Control, Power Projection, Maritime Security, and Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Response Marine Corps forces exploit the Total Force concept, employing combinations of active duty and reserve Marines to ensure that missions are effectively and efficiently executed. True Which of the following are roles of the US Marine Corps according to Title 10 US Code? Develop tactics, techniques, and equipment-use phases of amphibious operations by landing forces Aerospace Forces produce synergistic effects that are designed not to exceed separately employed individual forces. False Which of the following are among the Coast Guard's roles? - Boat Safety and Ice Operations - Search and Rescue - Being transferred by Presidential order to the US Navy for operational purposes - Environmental Protection - Law Enforcement The Army can trace its origins to colonial America. True Which of the following describes the army regulations, including every detail of the Soldiers life? The Army regulation of 1821 During the early 1990s what event shifted the focus of the army's activities toward stopping old rivalries and conflicts? The collapse of the Warsaw Pact Which of the lessons learned during the Mexican War did the Union Navy use? Choice 1 and 2 (a. Move forward from the sea and seize ports b. Embargo trade and blockade) Which technological advancements turned the tide on the U-boats? All (Long-range reconnaissance planes, Destroyers equipped with advanced sonars, Anti-submarine weapons, Escort carriers, Direction-finding equipment) Through which of the following strategies has the Navy retained its traditional roles while expanding into expeditionary warfare? "From the Sea" and later "Forward from the Sea" Why was the participation of the Montford Point Marines in the amphibious assault at Saipan such a historic event? It represented the final and full integration of the Armed Forces. Which of the following are examples of how the Marine Corps has adapted and evolved as an expeditionary force? Amphibious operations, close air support, helicopter-borne vertical envelopment tactics, amphibious operations, MPFs and MAGTFs - Both 1 and 2 During the 1930s, which two essential building blocks for an effective air force fell into place? – Vision of a long-range, four-engine bomber became reality with the first B-17, - A comprehensive doctrine of air warfare Which of the following problems faced the newly created Air Force in 1947? -Establishing an organization adapted to air operations; -Transitioning from propeller-driven aircraft to jet aircraft; -Modifying doctrine, strategy, and tactics to accommodate nuclear weapons; -Arranging for support services. Which of the following represent highlights of US Air Force history? Design of a doctrine of strategic bombing and one of organizational independence, Development of the Strategic Air Command, Expansion into space What Services were established as precursors to the US Coast Guard? -Lighthouse Service -Revenue Cutter Service -Bureau of Navigation -Life Saving service -Steamboat Inspection Service USCG has always served under the Secretary of the Treasury, reflecting its early historical mission. False Which of the following are considerations when hosting a formal dinner? all a. Begin planning months in advance with the proposed guest list b. Printing and mailing invitations four to six weeks in advance c. Planning the menu and walking through the upcoming evening's sequence of events d. Identifying unique cultural considerations in a foreign country A group or person is honor-bound to do which of the following upon receiving a limerick at mess? Refute the remark prior to the close of the dinner hour Which core value does the following tenet represent: make decisions in the best interest of the Navy and the nation, without regard to personal consequences? Courage Which of the following are among Marine Corps customs, courtesies and traditions? All Dining In and Mess Night Hail and Farewell Addressing Enlisted Marines Marine Corps Birthday Ball Which of the following represent Marine core values? All Competence Resolution Courage No wounded or dead Marine will ever be left on the field or unattended, regardless of the cost of bringing him in While it is appropriate and strongly recommended to greet a person by name and grade, if you are unsure of an enlisted Marine's name or grade, "Marine" is as appropriate as "Good morning, Sir," in the case of an officer. True Promotions and Re-enlistments are ceremonies requiring formation in this order: (a) Personal awards presented first, (b) Promotions second, and (c) Re-enlistments third. True The fallen comrade’s toast at a mess night is the last toast to be given. True Which of the following ceremonies affirms a "leader among leaders" in the USAF, using a symbol of truth, justice, and power rightly used? Order of the Sword Which of the following is the USCG motto? "Semper Paratus" The USCG's motto is Semper Paratus, meaning "always ready." True Reserve Components now comprise almost what percent of the Total Force and are an integral part of the Armed Forces of the United States? 50 % Which of the following is NOT one of the major levels of mobilization: Limited reserve call-up Deliberations involving the possible use of force must include the Reserve Component at what point in the planning process? Early in the planning process Which type of mobilization entails mobilizing all reserve component units in the existing approved force structure, as well as all individual reservists, retired military personnel, and the resources needed to meet requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security, and is for the duration of the emergency plus six months? Full mobilization (FM) Reserve component leaders agree that they receive adequate funding to support all levels of operational use identified by Service and Department of Defense (DoD) plans. False With over half of its forces in the Reserve Components, the Army relies on the both Army NG & Army Reserve. Reserve Component units train to a lesser standard than Active Component units. False The following Reserve Components have both a Federal (Title 10) mission and a State (Title 32) mission, and therefore can be used to enforce State laws. Air NG & Army NG Which of the following Reserve Components is NOT part of the DoD? Coast Guard Reserve Special Operations involve the use of small units of specially trained personnel using specialized tactics and equipment to achieve strategic or operational objectives. Military-political considerations frequently cast Special Operations into clandestine or covert environments; therefore, their activities normally involve oversight at the national level. Most special operations forces are regionally oriented. This allows them to maintain a cultural awareness and a language capability for their assigned areas. Short-duration strikes and other small-scale offensive actions conducted as a special operation in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments and which employ specialized military capabilities to seize, destroy, capture, exploit, recover, or damage designated targets is called direct action. It differs from conventional offensive actions in the level of physical and political risk, operational techniques, and the degree of discriminate and precise use of force to achieve specific objectives Operations and activities that are conducted to enable a resistance movement or insurgency to coerce, disrupt, or overthrow a government or occupying power by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary, and guerrilla force in a denied area are known as unconventional warfare. It is a core activity of special operations forces. Special operations forces are organized under the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM), a functional combatant command responsible for providing mission capable special operations forces to the geographic combatant commanders. After the attacks of 9/11, USSOCOM assumed an operational role in synchronizing the DoD effort in global operations against terrorist networks The 75th Ranger Regiment is lethal, agile, and flexible force, capable of executing a myriad of complex, joint special operations missions in support of U.S. policy and objectives. The cornerstone of ARSOAC, the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, is organized into four like battalions and provides nighttime, all-weather medium range insertion, extraction, and resupply capability in hostile or denied areas. The units that support military commanders by working with civil authorities and civilian populations in the commander’s area of operations during peace, contingency operations, and war and are known as civil affairs. These forces help minimize civilian interference with military operations, locate civilian resources to support military operations, and support national assistance activities. The units manned by Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen who operate and maintain a variety of combatant and other craft for maritime special operations (state-of-the-art surface craft to conduct coastal patrol and interdiction and support special operations missions) are known as Special Boat Teams. The 193rd Special Operations Wing of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard provides the only airborne psychological operations platform in the Department of Defense with the EC-130 Commando Solo. The Air Force´s Battlefield Airmen or Special Tactics Teams frequently operate with Navy SEALs, Army Rangers, and Special Forces in direct action, airfield seizure, and personnel recovery missions in hostile territory. This MARSOC element trains, advises and assists friendly host nation forces - including naval and maritime military and paramilitary forces - to enable them to support their governments´ internal security and stability, to counter subversion, and to reduce the risk of violence from internal and external threats. It has the capability to form the nucleus of a Joint Special Operations Task Force. Marine Special Operations Regiment (MSOR) Each geographic combatant command has a Theater Special Operations Command (TSOC) to plan and control joint special operations forces in their areas of responsibility. It is a sub-unified command of the geographic combatant command and the source of expertise in all areas of special operations. A special operations command-forward can transition to a Joint Special Operations Task Force (JSOTF) Special Operations Forces are a valuable asset for the joint planner; however, they comprise only a small part of the total force - a little over 2 percent of the total force. In joint SOF mission planning, a demanding full-up, real-time rehearsal can mitigate much of the inherent risks of many SOF missions. It is key to the success of complex joint SOF missions. Regardless of when or where employed the armed forces of the United States abide by U.S. values, the standards for the profession of arms, and constitutional principles. This term refers to the aggregate of features and traits that form the individual nature of a person. In the context of the profession of arms, it entails moral and ethical adherence to our values. It is the heart of the relationship of the American with the American people, and to each other. Character What is the purposeful reliance by one Service's forces on another Service's capabilities to maximize the complementary and reinforcing effects of both? Joint interdependence. The concept of “jointness” must be advanced through continuous joint force development efforts. What does that statement imply? “Jointness” is not an automatic Service sate of being. Joint training prepares individuals, joint forces or joint staffs to respond to strategic, operational, or tactical requirements considered necessary by the Combatant Commanders to execute their assigned or anticipated mission. Successful mission command demand that subordinate leaders at all echelons exercise disciplined initiative, acting aggressively and independently to accomplish the mission. True Successful teamwork requires delegation of authority commensurate with responsibility. Taking steps and precautions to reduce the likelihood of something negative or hazardous happening, or reducing the extent of the exposure to a risk, is called risk modification. False The hostile environment often presents complex emotional and ethical dilemmas. Irregular warfare environment If something of an ethical nature is ever in doubt, commanders should contact their legal counsel for advice. True Which of the following is a technical or personal risk when using social media? Network security intrusions, espionage, personal identity theft and impersonation Military members are expected to maintain a higher standard of conduct than might be accepted in the larger society and are subject to the rules and regulations of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. True A state of well-being in which one is aware of personal abilities and limits, copes well with life stresses, works productively and effectively, and contributes positively to his or her communities is known as psychological health. It describes a healthy body, mind, and spirit which can be seen in a person´s ability to deal with typical stressors. Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder include depression, substance abuse, problems of memory and cognition, and other physical and mental health problems. It is also associated with difficulties in social or family life, including occupational instability, marital problems, family discord, and difficulties in parenting. A traumatically induced structural injury and/or physiological disruption of brain function as a result of an external force defines a Traumatic Brain Injury. Typical signs include headaches, memory gaps, confusion, attention problems, and irritability, ringing in the ears, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, slowed reaction time, sleep difficulty, and performance difficulties. [Show More]

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