CHEM 115 Week 7 Answers. 80 Questions and Answers.

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CHEM 115 Week 7 Answers Review – Week 7 Question 1 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text To form the molecule below, dehydration takes place at C1 of the pentose ring and at ... an N-H hydrogen at position ___ of the purine base. Select one: a. 6 b. 1 c. 9 Correct d. 7 Question 2 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Two strands of DNA are held in position relative to each other by means of ___. Select one: a. covalent bonds b. ionic bonds c. disulfide bonds d. hydrogen bonding Correct Question 3 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text DNA and RNA Select one: a. differ in both their monosaccharide and nitrogen base components. CORRECT b. contain the same nitrogen bases, but different monosaccharides. c. have the same composition, except for the monosaccharides. d. are both produced by animals, but RNA is not produced by plants. Question 4 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Replication begins at a point in the DNA called the ___. Select one: a. promoter site b. origin CORRECT c. template strand d. transcription site Question 5 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Among the mechanisms Escherichia coli has for the control of β-galactosidase production is Select one: a. that the combination of cAMP and CAP restricts the ability of RNA polymerase to function. b. the presence of the lac operon necessary for the production of the enzyme to be halted reducing overproduction. CORRECT ANSWER B c. that glucose must be absent and galactose present for the production to begin. d. that the speed with which the enzyme is produced is accelerated by the presence of both galactose and glucose. Question 6 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Polynucleotides have definite 5’ and 3’ ends (terminus). Select one: True CORRECT False Question 7 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The ___ has a "cloverleaf" shape and carries the amino acids to the site of protein synthesis. Select one: a. transfer RNA CORRECT b. messenger RNA c. ribosomal RNA d. transfer DNA Question 8 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The following is a sugar found in nucleic acids: It is ___ and is found in the nucleic acid ___. Select one: a. ribose/DNA b. 2-deoxyribose/DNA CORRECT c. ribose/RNA d. 2-deoxyribose/RNA Question 9 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text A group of genes under control of one promoter site is a(n) ___. Select one: a. recombinant DNA b. operon CORRECT c. reverse transcription d. mutation Question 10 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text A nucleoside triphosphate contains two phosphoanhydride bonds. Select one: True CORRECT False Question 11 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text A characteristic of RNA that is not shared with DNA is Select one: a. RNA is not found in the nucleus of cells; DNA is found in the nucleus. b. the backbone of RNA does not contain phosphate. c. RNA substitutes A for C in the base pairings. d. RNA molecules are composed of a single strand. CORRECT Question 12 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Although the primary structures of proteins and DNA are defined in the same manner, the secondary structures are not. The secondary structure of DNA is Select one: a. the β-helix formed by the strand b. the sheets of DNA molecules laying side-by-side c. the globular portions of the DNA structure d. the double helix CORRECT Question 13 Correct Marked out of 1 Remove flag Question text The following structure is known as a ___. Select one: a. nucleoside b. nucleotide CORRECT c. polynucleotide d. oligonucleotide Question 14 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The bases adenine, guanine, and uracil are used in both DNA and RNA nucleotides. Select one: True False CORRECT Question 15 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text A cyclic nucleotide is produced when Select one: a. the monosaccharide in the nucleotide is in the closed form. b. the nitrogen base is in the cyclic form. c. the phosphate attaches to the monosaccharide and the base. d. the phosphate attaches to the monosaccharide in two places. CORRECT Question 16 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following organic bases is found in DNA and not in RNA? Select one: a. guanine b. cytosine c. thymine CORRECT d. uracil Question 17 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text When a purine or pyrimidine base is combined with a sugar residue such as ribose or deoxyribose, the resulting compound is known as a ___. Select one: a. nucleoside CORRECT b. nucleotide c. polynucleotide d. oligonucleotide Question 18 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text tRNA is a type of RNA that is responsible for Select one: a. transferring the information for protein synthesis from DNA to the ribosomes. b. supplying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis. CORRECT c. carrying the newly formed protein out of the nucleus of the cell. d. cutting long proteins into shorter molecules when the proteins are needed by the cell. Question 19 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text If BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are defective Select one: a. the probability of breast cancer is increased for women, but not for men. b. the genes can be repaired by recombinational repair. c. the probability of having breast cancer is nearly 100%. d. the risk of having breast cancer rises from below 15% to as much as 85%. CORRECT Question 20 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Transgenic goats have had human genes inserted into their DNA that code for the production of which of following serum protein anticoagulants? Select one: a. thrombin b. hemoglobin c. antithrombin CORRECT d. insulin Question 21 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text A metabolic pathway in which the product of one reaction is the reactant in the next reaction in a continuous series is defined as a ___ pathway. Select one: a. linear CORRECT b. circular c. spiral d. coupled Question 22 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Glycogen can be broken down to form glucose 1-phosphate, which is directly involved in glycolysis. Select one: True CORRECT False Question 23 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Most of triglyceride digestion occurs in the ___. Select one: a. mouth b. stomach c. small intestine CORRECT d. liver Question 24 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The compounds needed to start the citric acid cycle are Select one: a. acetyl-CoA and citrate. b. isocitrate and NAD+. c. acetyl-CoA and NADH. d. acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. CORRECT Question 25 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text One step in the catabolism of glucose involves the conversion of glucose 6-phosphate into ___. Select one: a. glucose b. fructose 6-phosphate CORRECT c. glucose 3-phosphate d. pyruvate Question 26 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach with hydrolysis being catalyzed by ___. Select one: a. chymotrypsin b. pepsin CORRECT c. amylase d. lipase Question 27 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text During glycolysis and under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into ___. Select one: a. lactate b. acetyl-CoA CORRECT c. ketones d. ADP Question 28 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Amylase Select one: a. is an enzyme that continues functioning in the stomach. b. is the only enzyme in the saliva that hydrolyzes proteins. c. is a carbohydrate easily digested in the stomach. d. catalyzes hydrolysis of some of the bonds in amylose. CORRECT Question 29 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ takes place in the cytoplasm while ___ takes place in the mitochondria. Select one: a. Citric acid cycle/electron transport chain b. Electron transport chain/glycolysis c. Citric acid cycle/glycolysis d. Glycolysis/citric acid cycle CORRECT Question 30 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text In a coupled reaction of a metabolic pathway, a spontaneous reaction provides the energy needed by a nonspontaneous one. Select one: True CORRECT False Question 31 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text A metabolic pathway in which a series of reactions is used to repeatedly break down or build up a molecule is defined as a ___ pathway. Select one: a. linear b. circular c. spiral CORRECT d. coupled Question 32 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Lipogenesis Select one: a. produces fatty acids by means of a spiral pathway. b. produces fatty acids by joining two carbon atoms at a time. c. does not produce all of the fatty acids required by humans. d. All of these answer choices are correct. CORRECT Question 33 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which choice is a goal of catabolism? Select one: a. the production of heat b. the attachment of the coenzyme A residue c. the generation of ATP molecules CORRECT d. the production of two-carbon fragments Question 34 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text How do the monosaccharides produced during digestion get into the circulatory system? Select one: a. They are absorbed by the cells in the intestinal lining and are released into the blood. CORRECT b. They are absorbed by the cells in the stomach lining and released into the blood. c. They are able to move between the cells of the stomach lining directly into the blood. d. They are transported by the action of the cell membranes of the digestive tract. Question 35 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Gluconeogenesis is a process by which glucose is produced Select one: a. in the liver from noncarbohydrate sources. CORRECT b. in the mitochondrion if there is an excess of fructose. c. by the enzymes located on the cristae. d. by exactly reversing the process of glycolysis. Question 36 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The amount of energy obtained from hydrolysis of ATP is Select one: a. -11.8 kcal. b. - 36 kcal. c. -4.5 kcal. d. -7.3 kcal. CORRECT Question 37 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Glycolysis is controlled in steps: Select one: a. 1, 2, and 3 b. 2, 5 and 7 c. 1, 3 and 10 CORRECT d. 3, 5 and 8 Question 38 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following products are formed in one pass through the -oxidation spiral when a fatty acyl-CoA is shortened by two carbon atoms? Select one: a. NADH and pyruvate b. FADH2 and pyruvate c. NADH and FADH2 CORRECT d. ATP and glycogen Question 39 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The acetyl-CoA from the fatty acid catabolism enters the ___ whereas the reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 enter ___. Select one: a. citric acid cycle/the electron transport chain CORRECT b. electron transport chain/glycolysis c. citric acid cycle/glycolysis d. glycolysis/the citric acid cycle Question 40 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The citric acid cycle has which step as a main control? Select one: a. step 3, isocitrate α-ketoglutarate CORRECT b. step 1, acetyl-CoA citrate c. step 7, fumarate malate d. step 8, malate oxaloacetate Question 1 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The process by which DNA unwinds and synthesizes a copy of new DNA is known as ___. Select one: a. replication b. transcription c. translation d. reverse transcription Question 2 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is any permanent change in the primary structure of DNA. Select one: a. Recombinant DNA b. Gene expression c. Operon d. Mutation Question 3 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text If DNA is heated and then cooled, Select one: a. the DNA becomes denatured and then renatured. b. the DNA becomes denatured and then twists into new shapes. c. the strands of DNA separate and then come together end to end. d. the strands of DNA establish more chemical bonds than before the heating. Question 4 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following organic bases is found in RNA and not in DNA? Select one: a. guanine b. cytosine c. thymine d. uracil Question 5 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text DNA polymerase is an enzyme involved in which process? Select one: a. replication b. transcription c. translation d. reverse transcription Question 6 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following determines the primary structure of both DNA and RNA? Select one: a. the sequence of sugar molecules b. complimentary base pairing c. coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape d. the sequence of nucleotide residues Question 7 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text In the double strand of DNA, the sugar-phosphate backbones with their negatively charged phosphate groups are on the inside and the bases are on the outside. Select one: True False Question 8 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following organic bases is a purine derivative? Select one: a. Cytosine b. Thymine c. Pyrimidine d. Guanine Question 9 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The triphosphate in ATP is linked to C-5’ of the ribose by Select one: a. a β-N-glycosidic linkage. b. a phosphoester bond. c. a peptide bond. d. a hydrogen bond. Question 10 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text What is present in a nucleotide that is not found in a nucleoside? Select one: a. a phosphate b. a monosaccharide c. an alcohol group d. a nitrogen base Question 12 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following sequence of bases in the DNA strand will be complimentary to the single DNA strand shown here to produce a double strand? 3’ G-C-T-T-A-G-G-A-T 5’ Select one: a. 5’ G-A-T-T-A-G-G-A-A 5’ b. 5’ C-G-A-A-T-C-C-T-A 3’ c. 3’ C-C-G-T-G-G-G-A-T 5’ d. 3’ G-C-T-T-A-G-G-A-T 5’ Question 21 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Where in a cell do the formation of acetyl-CoA and the citric acid cycle occur? Select one: a. cytoplasm b. mitochondria c. nucleus d. lysosome Question 22 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Catabolism reactions are those that produce more complex molecules from the simpler molecules along with a release of energy. Select one: True False Question 23 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Sometimes the reduction of oxygen to water is incomplete, resulting in Select one: a. a greater production of ATP because there are more hydrogen ions present. b. toxic products, which are superoxide or hydrogen peroxide. c. a greater production of FADH2 from the extra hydrogen ions. d. hydrogen gas, which can be excreted and does not build up. Question 24 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is defined as the reactions that break down large molecules into small ones and release energy in the form of ATP. Select one: a. Metabolism b. Catabolism c. Anabolism d. Hydrolysis Question 25 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text If acetyl-CoA concentrations reach too high levels, Select one: a. ketone bodies can be produced leading to a toxic condition. b. the citric acid cycle increases in reaction rate to use the excess acetyl-CoA. c. pathways other than the citric acid cycle activate to remove the excess acetyl-CoA. d. the ketone bodies are stored in special cells and used as a source of energy when required. Question 26 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text In a cell, fatty acid biosynthesis occurs in ___. Select one: a. mitochondria b. the cytoplasm c. the nucleus d. lysosome Question 27 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the choices below present products of the citric acid cycle? Select one: a. ATP, ADP, and CO2 b. NADH, FADH2, and GTP c. FAD, NAD+, ADP, and H2O d. CO2, H2O, ATP, and GTP, and NAD+ Week 7 Quiz Question 1 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The following image is a sugar found in nucleic acids: It is ___ and is found in the nucleic acid ___. Select one: a. ribose/DNA b. deoxyribose/DNA c. ribose/RNA correct d. deoxyribose/RNA Question 2 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The function of RNA polymerase is to Select one: a. cause the RNA molecule to increase in length during protein production. b. cause the RNA molecule to coil into a shape that helps in DNA replication. c. disrupt the double helix by isolating one strand from the other. CORRECT d. synthesize an RNA molecule that remains attached to the DNA. Question 3 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Thymine is a base found in RNA and not in DNA. Select one: True False CORRECT Question 4 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The structures of DNA and RNA Select one: a. alternate monosaccharide and phosphate components. b. have a nitrogen base projecting off each monosaccharide. c. are due to the chemical bond between the nitrogen base and the phosphate d. have alternate monosaccharide and phosphate components and have a nitrogen base projecting off each monosaccharide. CORRECT Question 5 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Which is involved in expression? Select one: a. replication b. transcription c. translation d. both transcription and translation CORRECT Question 6 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The allosteric enzyme phospofructokinase is switched off by ___. Select one: a. glucose b. isocitrate c. AMP d. ATP CORRECT Question 7 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The location in the cell where ATP is produced is the ___. Select one: a. mitochondria CORRECT b. lysosome c. nucleus d. cell membrane Question 8 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The total NADH produced in one citric acid cycle are ___. Select one: a. 3 CORRECT b. 2 c. 4 d. 6 Question 9 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is the sum of all of the reactions that take place in a living thing. Select one: a. Metabolism CORRECT b. Catabolism c. Anabolism d. Hydrolysis Question 10 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The fatty acids produced from the hydrolysis of triglycerides can Select one: a. be used to enter directly into glycolysis, producing extra ATP. b. be oxidized to produce acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle. CORRECT c. produce glucose by a pathway separate from gluconeogenesis. d. be modified to undergo either glycolysis or gluconeogenesis. Question 1 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text How many bonds are broken when the following molecule is completely hydrolyzed? Select one: a. 2 b. 1 c. 3 d. 4 Question 2 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text Chromatin is a molecule that Select one: a. is produced from chromosomes during early cell reproduction. b. coils and folds to become a chromosome before cell division occurs. c. is a special form of DNA where protein interacts with the nitrogen bases. d. is a special part of the tertiary structure of DNA composed of a single helix. Question 3 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The following structure represents which of the following nucleotides? Select one: a. UMP b. GDP c. GTP d. ATP Question 4 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text The following image is a sugar found in nucleic acids: It is ___ and is found in the nucleic acid ___. Select one: a. ribose/DNA b. deoxyribose/DNA c. ribose/RNA d. deoxyribose/RNA Question 6 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is exclusively used to for reductive biosynthesis reactions. Select one: a. NADPH b. ATP c. ADP d. NAD+ Question 7 Correct Marked out of 1 Flag question Question text During oxidative deamination Select one: a. ammonium ions are removed from one amino acid and placed on another amino acid. b. oxygen reacts with the amino acid releasing nitrogen-oxygen compounds. c. new compounds are produced by the addition of a carboxyl group. d. potentially toxic ammonium ions are produced. [Show More]

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